incentive to help youbecause he's a worker for the government. So I don't think it'svery efficient. However, there are certain advantages of publicuniversities, such as the fees being free. You don't have to payfor your education. But the system isn't efficient, and it does notwork that well.

W: Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States wehave many private universities, and I think they are largebureaucracies also. Maybe people don't act that much differently,because it's the same thing working for a private university. Theyget paid for their job. I don't know if they're that much moremotivated to help people. Also, we have a problem in the UnitedStates that usually only wealthy kids go to the best schools andit's kind of a problem actually.

M: I agree with you. I think it's a problem because you'renot giving equal access to education to everybody. It's not easy,but having only public universities also might not be the bestsolution. Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have a systemof private and public universities. Now, in Japan, publicuniversities are considered to be the best.

W: Right. It's the exact opposite in the UnitedStates.

M: So, as you see, it's very hard to say which one isbetter.

W: Right, a good point.

Section B

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you havejust heard.

9. What is the International Labour Organization reportmainly about?

A) Government's role in resolving an economiccrisis.

B) The worsening real wage situation around theworld.

C) Indications of economic recovery in the UnitedStates.

D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people'slife.

【详解】 B)。推理判断题。短文开头指出，国际劳工组织的报告中提到，全世界范围内的实际工资下降让人们对经济复苏的程度产生了怀疑，虽然经济指标显示经济有所好转，但工资很可能会不断下降。由此可知，国际劳工组织的报告主要是关于全世界范围内工资水平的下降。

10. According to an International Labour Organizationspecialist, how will employers feel if there are more peoplelooking for jobs?

A) They will feel less pressure to raise employees'wages.

B) They will feel free to choose the most suitableemployees.

C) They will feel inclined to expand their businessoperations.

D) They will feel more confident in competing with theirrivals.

【详解】 A)。细节推断题。根据国际劳工组织的专家意见，失业率高，更多的人需要寻找工作，那么雇主提高工资来吸引员工的压力就降低了。

11. What does the speaker mean by the work-sharingscheme?

A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through theeconomic crisis.

B) Government and companies join hands to create jobs forthe unemployed.

C) Employees work shorter hours to avoidlayoffs.

D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.

【详解】 C)。细节推断题。短文最后列举了有政府补贴的工作分享计划，依照这一计划，员工的工作时间会缩短，以此来挤出更多的工作岗位，从而避免下岗的发生。

A recent International Labour Organization report says thedeterioration of real wages around the world calls into questionthe true extent of an economic recovery, especially if governmentrescue packages are phased out too early.

The report warns the picture on wages is likely to getworse this year, despite indications of an economic rebound.Patrick Belser, an International Labour Organization specialist,says declining wage rates are linked to the levels ofunemployment.

“The quite dramatic unemployment figures, which we now seein some of the countries, strongly suggest that there will begreater pressure on wages in the future as more people will beunemployed, more people will be looking for jobs and the pressureon employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline. So,

weexpect that the second part of the year will not be very good interms of wage growth.”

The report finds more than a quarter of the countriesexperienced flat or falling monthly wages in real terms. Theyinclude, the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa andGermany.

International Labour Organization economists say somenations have come up with polices to lessen the impact of lowerwages during the economic crisis. An example of these is worksharing with government subsidies. Under this scheme, the number ofindividual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs.For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage subsidiesto compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you havejust heard.

12. What question is frequently put to thespeaker?

A) Whether memory supplements work.

B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.

C) Whether exercise enhances one's memory.

D) Whether a magic memory promises success.