Period 3: Language Points
学习目标：
1. 能运用单元词汇描绘自然灾害的危害 2. 掌握文章中包含的重要语言点 3. 了解各种自然灾害
学习重点：掌握文章中包含的重要语言点
学习难点：能运用单元词汇描绘自然灾害的危害 课前预习
使用说明与学法指导：
1. 在语境中掌握重点单词、短语和句型的用法 2. 15分钟之内完成 教材助读：
1．Apart from that，there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work. (2012·广东·阅读C) 除此之外，还有各种各样过去经常发生在上下班途中的灾难。
2．The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences. (2012·安徽·阅读B)
答案很大程度上取决于个人经历及文化价值观。
3．Red can cause a person’s blood pressure to rise and increase people’s appetites. (2012·安徽·阅读B)
红色使人血压升高，食欲增强。
4．It’s no easy job to strike a balance between apologizing or not. (2011·江苏·任务型阅读) 取得道歉和不道歉之间的平衡可不是一件容易的事。
5．Leaders may also be afraid that the admission of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. (2011·江苏·任务型阅读)
领导人可能也害怕承认错误会对他们所负责的组织形象造成毁坏。 我的疑问：
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 课内探究 质疑探究：
1．experience n．经验；经历vt.经历；体验 Have you ever experienced a flood？(教材P21) 你曾经经历过洪灾吗？
It is important to try and learn from experience. 努力从经验中学习是重要的。
Can you tell me your experiences in America? 你能告诉我你在美国的经历吗？
①have an experience in在……方面的经历 from/by experience凭经验；从经验中(得出) ②experienced adj.有经验的；熟练的 be experienced in在……方面有经验
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Some people learn by experiment and others learn by experience. 一些人通过实验学习，另一些人则从经验中学习。 He is an experienced and trustworthy guide. 他是一位有经验的、可信赖的向导。
【提示】 (1)experience作名词用时，作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词；作“经历”讲时，是可数名词。 (2)作动词用时意为“体验，经历”。 (2010·福建高考)－Guess what，we've got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. －How nice！You a different culture then. A．will be experiencing B．have experienced
C．have been experiencing D．will have experienced 2．cause n．原因；起因vt.引起；导致
Do you know anything about the events？For example, what causes them? (教材P21) 你知道有关这些事件的事情吗？比方说，什么引起了它们？
Smoking is one of the causes of heart disease. 吸烟是引起心脏病的原因之一。 ①the cause of...……的原因 cause and effect因果关系
②cause sb.sth.给某人引来某事 cause sb.to do sth.引起某人干某事 What caused her to change her mind? 是什么使她改变了主意？
The child caused his parents a lot of trouble./The child caused a lot of trouble to his parents. 这个孩子给他的父母带来了很多麻烦。 cause/reason cause reason 指造成某种结果的原因，常说the cause of sth. 指产生某种行为的理由，常说the reason for sth. The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.导致这次事故发生的原因是他开车太快。 The reason why he was driving so fast was that he was afraid of being late for the meeting.他开车开得太快就是因为他怕开会迟到。 (2011·福建高考)The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major of global climate change.
A．result B．cause C．warning D．reflection 3．occur v．发生，出现；想起
Almost all of them occur in the US，in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north. (教材P23)几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国东南部德克萨斯州到北部南达科塔州一带地区。 The accident occurred yesterday morning. 事故发生在昨天上午。
sth.occurs to sb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到…… It occurs to sb.that.../to do sth...某人想到…… A good idea occurred to me.
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我突然想起了一个好主意。
Didn't it occur to you to turn to the policeman for help? 难道你没有想到向那个警察求助吗？ occur/happen/take place/break out
这四个词(组)都含有“发生”的意思，都是不及物动词，没有被动语态。
occur 既指突然发生也可指有计划的发生，在以具体事物、事件作主语时，可与happen互换使用，表示在脑海中出现某种想法时用occur，不能用happen。 happen take place break out 是表示“发生”的最普通的用词，常用于句型：what happened to sb./sth.？某人/物发生了什么事？ 多指有计划、有组织的发生。 指战争、灾难、疾病等突然发生。 The meeting took place at 8：00 as planned. 按计划会议在上午8点举行。
I happened to see him on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我在去书店的路上碰巧遇到了他。 A terrible forest fire broke out in China a few years ago.几年前中国发生了一起可怕的森林火灾。 (2012·江西高考)It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office. A．whether B．where C．which D．that 4．pick up卷起；拾起；拿起
Tornadoes can pick up cars，trains and even houses and put them down in the next street—or even in the next town. (教材P23)龙卷风能把汽车、火车甚至房屋卷起，(然后)把它们抛在旁边的街上——甚至在邻近的城镇。
The sandstorms picked up many houses last night. 昨晚的沙尘暴卷起了许多房屋。
The world economy is picking up.世界经济正在复苏。 Shall I pick you up at the station? 要我开车到车站去接你吗？
pick up 还可表示驾车去接(某人)；接收，收听(广播)；(经济等)好转；恢复(健康)；偶然得到(学到、发现) pick out挑选；分辨出；领会 (2012·四川高考)It's surprising that your brother Russian so quickly—he hasn't lived there very long. A．picked up B．looked up C．put up D．made up 5．take off 去掉；脱掉；起飞；休假；迅速成功/走红
They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken. (教材P23) 它们也能将猫和鸡的毛脱掉。
Take off your coat and sit down.脱掉外套，坐下吧。 The plane takes off in five minutes. 飞机将在5分钟后起飞。
He took two weeks off in August. 他在八月份休两个星期假。 take away 拿走，带走
take in 收留，收养；欺骗；理解
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take on 呈现出
take over接管；接任(职位) I couldn't take in his story at all. 我完全不能理解他的话。
The young politician took over the leadership of the party.那位年轻的政治家接掌了那个政党的领导位置。 Her singing career after her TV appearance. A．took up B．took off C．took out D．took over
6．They can destroy houses，but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was. (教材P23)它们能毁掉房屋，却把里面的家具留在原处。
句中leave the furniture inside exactly where it was 是“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。leave表示“使……处于某种状态”。
Leave the medicine where the children can't reach it. 把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。 leave的常见结构如下：
①leave＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语/名词
②leave＋宾语＋现在分词(宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的主谓关系) ③leave＋宾语＋过去分词(宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的动宾关系) ④leave＋宾语＋动词不定式
⑤leave＋宾语＋where引导的地点状语从句 Leave the door open and you will breathe fresh air. 让门开着你就会呼吸到新鲜的空气。
The news left me wondering what would happen next. 这个消息使我想知道接着会发生什么事情。 The bad weather left the project half finished. 坏天气使工程只完成了一半。
They killed the bison，cut off the skins and left the bodies to rot.他们把野牛杀死剥皮，尸体就任其腐烂。 用动词的适当形式填空
①I'm sorry I've left some of your questions (unanswer)． ②Don't leave the water (run)while you brush your teeth. ③Leave the rice (cook) for 20 minutes at least. 7．On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. (教材P23)美国每年平均会发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1,500人受伤。 (1)on(an/the) average平均
It takes me two hours a day to play table tennis，on average.平均起来，我每天花两小时时间打乒乓球。 above the average在平均水平以上 below the average在平均水平以下
Tom's work at school is above the average. 汤姆在校的功课在一般水平之上。 (2011·天津高考)He was a good student and scored average in most subjects. A．below B．of C．on D．above
(2)本句中的causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries是现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。
The football team played in all the European countries，making it famous.那支足球队在所有的欧洲国家踢球，
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