上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
One【2017届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Are You Ready for Your Exam?
So, it‘s the exam time again -- have you done the necessary work to get good marks? Sleeping with the textbook under the pillow(枕头) in the hope that knowledge will be magically absorbed into your brain as you sleep doesn‘t work. The best strategy is to space your practice out, rather than cram(死记硬背) it all together. It means hit the books early!
In an article in the British newspaper The Guardian, Tom Stafford, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Sheffield, UK, advises: ―If you organize five hours of study into one hour a day, you‘ll remember more than if you study for five hours on one day.‖
Don‘t rely on memory alone -- get pen and paper and start working. Students who can test themselves in advance will be better at getting back material from their memory and learn that material in the long run. John Dunlosky, Professor of Psychology at Kent State University in the US, suggests that ―you start by reading a textbook using your favourite highlighter(荧光笔) and favourite colours, but then you go back and make flashcards of all the critical concepts and instead of just rereading those, you basically try to test yourselves on them.‖
Good revision should give you confidence, but if you are still anxious, there‘s no harm in indulging(放任) in a personal routine. In Japan, it seems to be a tradition for students to eat Katsudon before a test. This is a warm bowl of rice topped with egg and a deep-fried pork cutlet. The name of the dish reminds people of the word ?katsu‘, meaning ?winning‘.
For some students in South Korea, the key to success is not washing their hair before sitting an exam because they believe they could wash all the knowledge out of their head. And in different parts of the world there are always those who swear by their ?lucky underwear‘.
The bottom line is that you need to study, sleep well on the eve of the test, eat a nutritious meal, drink plenty of water and believe that your efforts will pay off. Good luck in your exam! Keys:
The best strategy to achieve good results in the exam is to study books early. According to experts, time management and self-testing in advance will also do you good. Furthermore,
1
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
habitual psychological hint is helpful, too. Meanwhile, other factors such as necessary preparations, good sleep, nutritious diet and self-confidence can pay off your efforts as well. (56 words)
Two【2017届上海市黄浦区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Super Size Me
Fast food, otherwise known as junk food, is a huge passion for a large number of people
across the Western world. But what would happen if you ate lots of junk food, every day? Would it seriously damage your health? These were the questions which led Morgan Spurlock, an independent film-maker, to do an experiment, which he made into a documentary film entitled Super Size Me.
The main basis of his experiment was that Spurlock promised to eat three McDonald‘s meals a day, every day, for a month. He could only eat food from McDonald‘s and every time an employee asked if he would like to ―super size‖ the meal, he had to agree. ―Super sizing‖ refers to the fact that with this type of meal you get a considerable larger portion of everything.
Spurlock knew that by eating three McDonald‘s meals a day, he would consume a lot of fat and a great deal of salt and sugar in each meal—much more than he needed. Although Spurlock knew he would put on a bit of weight, and that this diet was unhealthy, he wasn‘t quite prepared for just how unhealthy it turned out to be. The changes in his body were horrifying in the first week, he put on 4.5 kilos and by the end of the thirty days he had gained nearly 14 kilos, bringing his total weight to a massive 98kg.
Spurlock says ―I‘d love people to walk out of the movie and say, ‘Next time I‘m not going to ―super size‖. Maybe I‘m not going have any junk food at all. I‘m going to sit down and eat dinner with my kids, with the TV off, so that we can eat healthy food, talk about what we‘re eating and have a relationship with each other.‘‖ Food for thought indeed.
Keys:
Spurlock made an experiment to test the damage of eating lots of junk food and made a
2
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
documentary film later. In the one-month experiment, Spurlock ate three super size McDonald‘s meals every day if required, thus causing terrible increase in his weight. Spurlock hopes the film can help people establish a healthy eating habit. (56 words)
Three【2017届上海市浦东新区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Food is life. We eat it to grow, stay healthy, and have the energy to do everyday activities. The food we consume makes all of these things possible, but not all food is created equal. Studies have shown, for example, that children who eat a nutritious breakfast do better in school than those with a poor diet. The well-fed child is able to pay attention longer, remember more, and participate more actively in class. The findings, then, are clear. Because our food choices affect our health and behavior, we must do more than just eat; we must eat well. For many people today, though, making healthy food choices is not easy.
We are surrounded by information telling us what‘s good for us and what isn‘t, but usually this information is more confusing than helpful. In fact, different research about the same food often produces contradictory results. In previous research on eggs, people were encouraged to limit or completely eliminate eggs from their diets to prevent dangerous diseases. Recent studies say eggs are good for you. It‘s hard to know who to believe.
Shopping for food can also be challenging. During a visit to a supermarket, we often need to make many different choices. Should you buy this cereal or that one? Regular or fat-free‘ milk? Tofu or chicken? It‘s hard to know which to choose, especially when two items are very similar. Many shoppers read product labels to help them decide. Indeed, many food labels are often misleading.
Making healthy food choices and eating well do not have to be difficult. Doing simple things can result in a better diet and a healthier you. Urban gardening, which is becoming popular again is one such thing. On small pieces of land, neighbors are working together to grow fruit and vegetables. What are the benefits of these gardens? People have access to more fresh fruit and vegetables, especially poorer people who are less likely to spend money on these items. The food also cost less than it would in a supermarket. There are other benefits, too. Working together in the
3
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
garden helps people to exercise. Urban gardens have also been used to teach children about food production and healthy eating. Keys:
Food choices affect health and behavior.However, it‘s not easy to make healthy ones.Because confusing/contradictory food informationand misleading food labels are making shopping difficult/a challenge. Urban gardening is a good way to making healthy food choices.Urban gardening also have other benefits: getting fresh and cheap food, a way of exercise and learning food knowledge for children. (59 words)
Four【2017届上海市长宁区嘉定区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The advantages of social networking
Why do most people sign up to social networking sites? The main reason is to stay in touch with other people. These sites also help people to find their childhood friends that they have lost touch with. Renewing these long-lost friendships is just a click away. It is very exciting to be able to catch up with friends and keep up with their news on am almost daily basis thanks to frequent updates.
Keep up-to-date,however,doesn‘t have to be restricted to friends and acquaintances(相识的人）.What many people tend to forget is that they can also use networking sites for professional reasons. It is actually a great way of finding out about upcoming job opportunities. Friends might know about job vacancies that may not be advertised elsewhere or they can even recommend their friends for certain jobs. Even people already employed can promote their business online. This is particularly important for artists, actors and musicians who can create pages devoted to their band or theatre company, and inform fans about their gigs(现场演唱会）or latest exhibitions. In addition, the sites can be used to allow the public to give instant feedback on the artists‘ work and to interact with their favourite artist.
Another great advantage of social networking sites is how easy it is to organise an event with your friends. Thanks to different settings people can organise their friends by different criteria(标
4
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
准）. These criteria could be how close friends they are, common interests and hobbies or where they live. This means if a certain event takes place, for example, an open-air concert or a football match, all they have to do is invite the right group of friends to attend. Some networking sites offer a range of quizzes and games, so friends living on opposite sides of the globe can invite each other to participate and compete in a variety of games without leaving their homes. Keys:
Social networking sites benefit people in several different ways. Not only do they allow people to keep in close touch with friends old or new ,but they provide potential job opportunities and encourage online business promotion plus interaction.Moreover, they facilitate the organization of various events, connecting people with similar hobbies or preferences globally.(54words)
Five【2017届上海市徐汇区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Are we born with a preference for certain kinds of faces? Or is it just something that people learn, without realizing it? To find out, psychologist Judith Langlois and her team at the University of Texas in Austin worked with young children and babies.
The researchers showed each baby photos of two faces. One face was more attractive than the other. The scientists then recorded how long the infants looked at each face.
Babies spent longer viewing the attractive faces than the unattractive ones. That meant they preferred the pretty faces. These findings suggest that people prefer pretty faces very early in life. However, it‘s still possible that we learn that preference. After all, Schein, who worked with Judith, points out, ―By the time we test infants, they already have experience with faces.‖
That experience can make a difference. Research conducted at the University of Delaware found that babies‘ brains are better at processing faces from their own race. So infants quickly come to prefer these faces, Schein says.
It‘s well-known in psychology that familiar things are more attractive, says Coren Apicella. She is a psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. ―Perhaps average faces are
5
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
more attractive because they seem more familiar.‖
Indeed, her research backs this up. Apicella and Little worked with two groups of young adults: British and Hadza. The Hadza are hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, a nation in East Africa. Apicella chose them for her experiment because they had not been exposed to Western culture and standards of beauty.
She showed people from both groups two images and asked which was more attractive. One image was an average of five British faces or five Hadza faces. The other was an average of 20 British faces or 20 Hadza faces. People of both cultures preferred the face that was more average —that is, compiled from 20 faces instead of five. The British participants found both Hadza and British faces beautiful. The Hadza, in contrast, preferred only Hadza faces.
―The Hadza have little experience with European faces and probably do not know what an average European face looks like,‖ Apicella concludes. ―If they don't know what it looks like, how can they prefer it?‖
Her findings show how biology and the environment work together to shape our values. ―The preference for average itself is biologically based,‖ Apicella says. But people must first experience other faces to learn what an average face should look like. Keys:
Babies‘ preference to attractive faces indicates people begin to prefer pretty faces at an early age. Researches show average faces are more attractive because they are more familiar to people. Meanwhile, people‘s experience with faces matters a lot. The more people experience with certain faces, the more preference they will have to the average of these faces. (60 words)
Six【2017届上海市闵行区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness, namely, temporary loneliness, situational loneliness, and chronic(长期的) loneliness.
6
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation - for example a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems in socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person‘s social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity. Keys:
There are three types of Loneliness.Temporary loneliness disappears quickly and can be neglected. Situational loneliness is caused by the change of circumstance, which may lead to problems.Chronic Loneliness lasts the longest and is harmful. The victims often feel hopeless. Loneliness is usually caused when people need more social contacts than they have. (53 words)
Seven【2017届上海市奉贤区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity alter an injury or money loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat.
Why is music a useful therapy? Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates our
7
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
brains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. But the complexity of music provokes (激发)the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies dueto complex sounds and patterns. Playing a musical instrument rather than simply listening to music can also be therapeutic for some people, helping relieve stress and anxiety.
Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release endorphin (内啡肽).Endorphins are the body‘s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of the babies who have just been born and even babies still in the mother‘s womb. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person's heart rate. Al present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, nursing homes, day cares and schools.
Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstreamtreatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. Sonext time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you. Keys:
Music therapy is a useful way to treat illness. Because our brain can be stimulated by responding to music, different kinds of music have different effects. The principle of music therapy is to increase the release of endorphins to produce effects to help treatment. Although music therapy is not used widely, it is regarded as an effective additional to treatment. (60 words)
Eight【2017届上海市静安区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Airline seats have been one-size-fits-all since the beginning. Today, those 16.5 to 18-inch wide seats are anything but.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity(肥胖症)has more than doubled since 1980. In 2014, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight, and over 600 million were obese.
The unchanged seat size and increase of obese passengershighlight the conflict between
8
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
airlines‘ needs and basic passenger rights.
Last month, lawyer Giorgio Destro,an Italian lawyer, sued Emirates, claiming his flight was disrupted by an obese passenger seated next to him. According to reports, Destro was not able to comfortably sit in his assigned seat, and spent much of the nine-hour flight standing or sitting in crew seats, because a 400-pound passenger took up half of his seat.
Many airlines have responded to the growing obesityby insisting passengers of size buy two seats to ensure safety and comfort. Samoa Air, for example, is charging by weight (which has become known as a ―fat tax‖). At first glance, the fat tax issue sounds discriminatory (歧视的), but some argue that this is purely down to numbers. A kilo is a kilo. It has nothing to do with the condition of the weight.The heavier a plane is, the more fuel it burns through.
In other words, the argument is whether it is fair that a 150-pound person is charged for their 50-pound bag, when a 300-pound person with a carry-on isn‘t charged anything extra.
However, Peggy Howell of NAAFA argues that obesity is an illness, and that obese people should be entitled to having certain rights protected.
―We question the legality of the discriminatory policy and whether it violates the Air Carrier Access Act governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities,‖ she says. ―The American Medical Association (AMA) recently declared obesity a disease, which should make fat passengers a protected class.‖
Howell points out that the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) addressed this issue in 2009, and issued a ?one-person, one-fare‘ ruling covering passengers with disabilities. Those passengers include ones who are ?clinically obese‘ and who cannot fit into a single seat. Keys:
With the increasing obesity, airline one-size-fits-all seats can‘t satisfy the needs of obese passengers. To solve the conflict between airlines‘ needs and passenger rights, many airlines ask overweight passengers to pay more to fly, because a heavier plane burns more fuel. However, objectors think the disabled, including fat passengers, should be protected instead of being charged more. (60 words)
Nine【2017届上海市崇明区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
9
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Gene Therapy
―We used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, in large measure, our fate is in our genes,‖ said James Watson. Watson is a molecular (分子的) biologist and co-discoverer of DNA structure. Why? Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of disease.
In gene therapy, healthy genes are introduced into defective (有缺陷的) cells to prevent or cure disease. While much of the research is in the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stopping them from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a virus and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. Although the children given the therapy still need follow-up treatments, they now lead a relatively normal life.
Gene therapy has also been used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.
Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine and is an exciting new approach that is just making the news. Researchers hope that in the coming years, every genetic disease will have gene therapy as its treatment. But more research is needed to assure its safety. Keys:
Gene therapy, which prevents or cures disease by inserting healthy genes into defective cells rather than by means of surgery or medicine, is changing the treatment of disease revolutionarily. Though in the initial phases, gene therapy has been successful in treating both children and older patients with genetic disease. However, more research is called for to ensure its security. (59 words)
Ten【2017届上海市普陀区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
10
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”
The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary school teaching, and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who would ―seriously consider‖ teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.
The main drawback（缺点）of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs. Joanne Manners, 24, is a good example: ―I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher---but I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, so I decided not to become a teacher.‖
It's not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people don‘t want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Here‘s the view of Dave Hallam, an accountant from London: ―I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers.‖
The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers‘ pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also indicates that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people. Keys:
Secondary schools in UK experienced difficulties recruiting young teachers. The reasons are low salary and kid‘s bad behavior, which push talents to business occupations with twice income. Therefore, poorly behaved students need to obey stricter rules and parents need to discipline them at home. Also, government should increase teachers‘ income and promote a teaching campaign to
11
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
display teaching‘s bright side. (60 words)
/It is reported that many secondary schools in UK have trouble enrolling young teachers due to the low salary and the bad behavior of the youth in school. To change the situation, parents should be strict with the kids to back teachers up and the government are encouraged to improve teachers‘ income and publicize the positive image of teaching. (59 words)
Eleven【2017届上海市金山区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it‘s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you‘re ―hot‖. That‘s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: ―Get up, John! You‘ll be late for work again!‖ The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can‘t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you‘re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract（对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won‘t change your cycle, but you‘ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
12
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
Keys:
Everyone has an energy cycle, which is individually different. When your body temperature reaches the peak, you‘ll feel most energetic. Though we can‘t change the cycle, we can form some habits to make our life fit better and avoid many conflicts with people. Additionally, getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save our energy. (60 words)
Twelve【2017届上海市松江区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Now another American education icon may be disappearing: the hardbound textbook. More and more school districts are replacing traditional textbooks with electronic ones. Electronic textbooks are usually accessed either through an online server or are downloaded to student laptops.
In North Texas, Plano and Irving schools are introducing e-books into a few classrooms, and Lancaster school officials also are considering them. But no local district appears to be going as far as Forney. The district most likely would be the first in the state to use e-books in every classroom for grades five to twelve.
Officials point out several reasons for turning to e-books. For one, they are easier to update. Thus the publishers are able to find ways to do online textbooks and they can go back and change information. Using e-books will better prepare students for college and the workplace.
Rapid district growth is another reason. The number of the students in the district is expected to double within five years. It‘s difficult to know textbook needs in advance and some students wait months for their books. But e-books can be uploaded onto a ―blank‖ laptop in a few hours.
Cost may eventually be a deciding cause for choosing e-books, but here are no big savings yet. Even if they get it electronically, they still have to pay for the book because they‘re buying the instructional material. That may change as more and more districts move towards e-books.
Today‘s students have little trouble adjusting to laptops and e-books, said Connie Cooley, who has taught at the Academy of Irving ISD for five years. But she said it could worry teachers.
―It‘s harder for people who are right around my age and older.‖ said Ms. Cooley, 36. ―I‘m
13
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
laptop-savvy, so I was ready for it, but those that aren‘t are a little worrying. Keys:
More and more schools in America choose e-textbooks. That‘s because it‘s easy to update e-textbooks. Besides, with rapid district growth, it‘s difficult to know the exact number of students, so some of them have to wait months before textbooks arrive. Finally, adjusting to e-books may help to reduce cost. However, it worries some old teachers. (55 words)
Thirteen【2017届上海市杨浦区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
On a damp, boring, stay-in-house kind of day, I was a 4-year-old artist armed with a new treasure: my own big box of crayons（蜡笔）. Somehow, the usual paper wasn‘t special enough for these 64 perfect, sweet-smelling sticks of vivid color. I looked around for a bigger canvas（画布）. If only there were hidden walls. Walls like the ones in Mom and Dad‘s closet.
Slipping quietly down the hall to the bedroom, I stood on tiptoe to reach the string for the closet light. Words and images filled my mind faster than my hands could make them.
A brilliant rainbow was seen on one wall, with a cheery golden sun peeking out from above. Below, a giant shade tree supported a swing for stick-figure children. Around them, flowers bloomed everywhere.
My masterpiece! All my very own magic! I look in the walls, the colors and the brightness. Joy swelled inside me. But as my creativity wound down, a thought popped up: I‘ve got to show Mom! Suddenly I was still.
Mom called out, ―Dinner‘s ready.‖ After a short time, her footsteps approached, and then finally, the closet door opened. I stood nervously in the corner.
Mom breathed in sharply, then stood frozen. Only her eyes moved as she slowly looked over my masterpiece. She was quiet for a long, long time. I didn‘t dare breathe.
Finally, she turned to me.
―I like it,‖ she said, ―No, I love it! I feel I have a new closet!‖
Now, 45 years later, my childhood artwork is still there. And in my own house, the closet
14
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
walls are masterpieces, too, created by my own daughters when they were little girls.
Every time I open a closet door, I remember that, as big as that box of crayons and white walls seemed when I was little, my mother‘s love was the biggest thing of all. Keys:
One day when I was little, I created a beautiful picture on the walls in parents‘closet. Although satisfied with it, I couldn‘t imagine mom‘s reaction. Instead of criticizing me, mom raised my artwork. Now I understand how much she loves me and I do the same to my children to develop their creativity. (59 words)
Fourteen【2017届上海市青浦区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Last year my company was bought by a large corporation and most of the managers lost their jobs. That was when I decided to do something I‘d always wanted to do — become a freelance writer (自由作家). Changing professions has meant that my lifestyle has changed in a number of ways.
I work about as much as I did before — between 45 and 50 hours a week — but my schedule is much less fixed than it used to be. Before, I worked from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. every day, with a few extra hours on weekends. Now, however, I work when I feel like it. For instance, sometimes I work until midnight or 2 a.m., then sleep until noon. I really prefer this kind of schedule.
While I was working as a manager, I never exercised. I already felt tired after work, so I just came home in the evening and watched TV. However, last year I joined a health club and began to do regular exercise. As a result I have lost over 10 pounds and I feel much better. I‘ve also started to eat more healthfully. I used to eat a lot of fast food, but now I do my own shopping. I buy lots of fruits and vegetables and cook them at home.
Of course, not all the changes have been that easy. For example, I don‘t feel as safe financially as I used to. When I was working as a manager, I never worried much about money. I could always count on getting my paycheck every two weeks. Working freelance, I don‘t have a
15
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
regular paycheck. So now I have to make sure that there‘s enough money until the next check arrives.
All in all, I really like my current lifestyle. Of course, that doesn‘t mean I‘ll never want to have a ―regular‖ job. But for me, at least, it suits me. Keys:
After the author quit his previous job and became a freelance writer, some changes have taken place to his lifestyle. The working schedule becomes more flexible. He has also done more exercises and eaten more healthily. But he is concerned that he might not get regular wages. Anyway, he finds the current lifestyle suitable for him. (56 words)
Fifteen【2017届上海市宝山区高三英语一模试题】 IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
A good story encourages us to turn the next page and read more. We want to find out what happens next and what the main characters do and what they say to each other. We may feel excited, sad, afraid, angry or really happy. This is because the experience of reading or listening to a story is much more likely to make us 'feel' that we are part of the story, too. Just like in our 'real' lives, we might love or hate different characters in the story. Perhaps we recognize ourselves or others in some of them. Perhaps we have similar problems.
Because of this natural empathy with the characters, our brains process the reading of stories differently from the way we read factual information. Our brains don't always recognize the difference between an imagined situation and a real one so the characters become 'alive' to us. What they say and do is therefore more meaningful. This is why the words and structures that relate a story's events, descriptions and conversations are processed in this deeper way.
In fact, cultures all around the world have always used storytelling to pass knowledge from one generation to another. Our ancestors understood very well that this was the best way to make sure our histories and information about how to relate to others and to our world was not only
16
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模试题分类汇编：摘要写作Summary Writing
understood, but remembered too. (Notice that the word 'history' contains the word 'story' – this is not a coincidence!)
Encouraging your child to read or listen to stories should therefore help them to learn a second language in a way that is not only fun, but memorable. Keys:
An interesting story motivates/inspires us to read continuously, for it reflects our real lives. Ignoring the unreal factors, we usually feel empathy with the characters and think a lot about the words and structures related to the story. People all over the world have employed/ used storytelling to obtain knowledge and make children‘s language learning meaningful and impressive. (57words)
17