´ð°¸£º[x¡Ây] ²¹=1.0101£¬x¡Ây=-0.1011 (Èý)¸¡µãÊýµÄ¼Ó¼õÔËËã
1£®É踡µãÊýx=2¡Á0.110101£¬y=2¡Á£¨-0.101010£©£¬Èô½×ÂëÈ¡3λ£¬Î²ÊýÈ¡6λ(¾ù²»°üÀ¨·ûºÅλ)£¬°´²¹ÂëÔËËã²½Öè¼ÆËãx+y¡£
´ð°¸£º[x+y] ²¹=0,011£»1.000110£¬x+y=2¡Á£¨-0.111010£©
2£®ÒÑÖªx£½[2¡Á(19£¯32)]£¬y£½[2¡Á(-45£¯64)]£¬Èô½×ÂëÈ¡3λ£¬Î²ÊýÈ¡6λ(¾ù²»°üÀ¨·ûºÅλ)£¬ÊÔ°´²¹Â븡µãÔËËã²½Öè¼ÆËã[x+y]²¹£¬²¢»¹Ô³ÉÕæÖµ¡£ ´ð°¸£º[x+y] ²¹=0,101£»1.001100
x+y=2¡Á£¨-0.110100£©=2¡Á£¨-13/16£© £¨ËÄ£©Èý¼¶Ê±ÐòϵͳÏà¹ØµÄ¼ÆËãÌâ
1.Éè»úÆ÷AµÄÖ÷ƵΪ8MHz£¬»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚº¬4¸öʱÖÓÖÜÆÚ£¬ÇҸûúµÄƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËÙ¶ÈÊÇ0.4MIPS£¬ÊÔÇó£º ¢Å¸Ã»úµÄƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆںͻúÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ¡£ ¢Æÿ¸öÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚ°üº¬¼¸¸ö»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ£¿
¢ÇÈç¹û»úÆ÷BµÄÖ÷ƵΪ12MHz,£¬ÇÒÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚ°üº¬»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚÊýºÍ»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ°üº¬Ê±ÖÓÖÜÆÚÊýÓëA»úÏàͬ£¬ÊÔÎÊB»úµÄƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËÙ¶ÈΪ¶àÉÙMIPS£¿
´ð°¸£º¸ù¾Ý»úÆ÷AµÄÖ÷ƵΪ8MHz,µÃʱÖÓÖÜÆÚΪ1/8MHz=0.125us £¨1£© »úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ=0.125us¡Á4=0.5us£»Æ½¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚ=1/0.4MIPS=2.5us £¨2£© ÿ¸öÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚ°üº¬2.5/0.5=5¸ö»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ
£¨3£© ÔÚÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚ°üº¬»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚÊýºÍ»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ°üº¬Ê±ÖÓÖÜÆÚÊýÏàͬµÄÇ°ÌáÏ£¬Á½»úƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËÙ¶ÈÓëËüÃǵÄÖ÷ƵµÄ¹ØϵÊÇ£º
A»úµÄƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîËÙ¶È/B»úµÄƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîËÙ¶È=A»úÖ÷Ƶ/B»úÖ÷Ƶ ÔòB»úµÄƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËÙ¶È=£¨0.4MIPS¡Á12MHz£©/8MHz=0.6MIPS
2.ijCPUÖ÷Ƶ8MHz£¬Éèÿ¸ö»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ°üº¬4¸öʱÖÓÖÜÆÚ£¬ÇҸûúµÄƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËÙ¶ÈΪ1MIPS¡£ £¨1£© Çó¸Ã»úƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚ¡£
£¨2£© Çóÿ¸öÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚ°üº¬µÄƽ¾ù»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚÊý¡£
£¨3£© Èô¸ÄÓÃʱÖÓÖÜÆÚΪ0.01usµÄCPUоƬ£¬Çóƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËٶȡ£ ´ð°¸£º£¨1£©¸ù¾Ýƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËÙ¶ÈΪ1MIPS£¬Ôòƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚΪ1/1MIPS=1us¡£
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÖ÷ƵΪ8MHz,µÃ³öʱÖÓÖÜÆÚΪ1/8MHz=0.125us,Ò»¸ö»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚΪ0.125us¡Á4=0.5us,Ò»¸öÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚ°üº¬µÄƽ¾ù»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚÊýΪ1/0.5us=2.
£¨3£©¸ÄÓÃʱÖÓÖÜÆÚΪ0.01usµÄCPUоƬ£¬ÔòÒ»¸ö»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚΪ0.01us¡Á4=0.04us,Ò»ÌõÖ¸ÁîµÄÖ´ÐÐʱ¼äΪ0.04us¡Á2=0.08us£¬¹Êƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËÙ¶ÈΪ1/0.08us=12.5MIPS¡£ 3. (1) (2)
Èôij»úÖ÷ƵΪ200MHz£¬Ã¿¸öÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚƽ¾ù°üº¬2¸ö»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ£¬Ã¿¸ö»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ°üº¬2¸öʱÖÓÖÜÆÚ Çó¸Ã»úƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËٶȡ£
ÈôƵÂʲ»±ä£¬µ«Ã¿¸öÖ¸ÁîÖÜÆÚƽ¾ù°üº¬5¸ö»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ£¬Ã¿¸ö»úÆ÷ÖÜÆÚ°üº¬4¸öʱÖÓÖÜÆÚ£¬Çóƽ¾ùÖ¸
101
5
5
6
011
010
100
ÁîÖ´ÐÐËٶȡ£
´ð°¸£º£¨1£©Ê±ÖÓÖÜÆÚ=1/200MHz=0.005us¡£ÔòÒ»ÌõÖ¸ÁîµÄÖ´ÐÐʱ¼äΪ0.005us¡Á2¡Á2=0.02us£¬¹Ê¸Ã»úƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËÙ¶ÈΪ1/0.02us=50MIPS¡£
£¨2£©Ò»ÌõÖ¸ÁîµÄÖ´ÐÐʱ¼äΪ0.005¡Á4¡Á5=0.1us£¬¹Ê¸Ã»úƽ¾ùÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐËÙ¶ÈΪ1/0.1us=10MIPS¡£ ËÄ£®×ÛºÏÓ¦ÓÃÌâ £¨Ò»£©µÚ4Õ ´æ´¢Æ÷
1.Çëд³öͼ4.1ÖÐ2K¡Á8λROMоƬ¡¢Á½Æ¬1K¡Á4λRAMоƬµÄµØÖ·Â뷶Χ¡£²¢ËµÃ÷ÄÄÊÇϵͳ³ÌÐòÇø£¿ÄÄÊÇÓû§³ÌÐòÇø£¿
29
ͼ4.1 1Ìâͼ ´ð°¸£º
Ö÷´æµØÖ·¿Õ¼ä·ÖÅäÈçÏ£º
£¨1£© ϵͳ³ÌÐòÇø£¨¼´1Ƭ2K¡Á8ROMоƬµØÖ·Â뷶Χ£©£º8000H¡«87FFH; £¨2£© Óû§³ÌÐòÇø£¨¼´2Ƭ1K¡Á4RAMоƬµØÖ·Â뷶Χ£©£º8800H¡«8BFFH;
2.Çëд³öͼ4.2ÖÐ2K¡Á8λROMоƬ¡¢×ó¶ËÁ½Æ¬1K¡Á4λRAMоƬºÍÓÒ¶ËÁ½Æ¬1K¡Á4λRAMоƬµÄµØÖ·Â뷶Χ¡£
ͼ4.2 2Ìâͼ
30
´ð°¸£º
Ö÷´æµØÖ·¿Õ¼ä·ÖÅäÈçÏ£º
(1)ϵͳ³ÌÐòÇø£¨¼´1Ƭ2K¡Á8ROMоƬµØÖ·Â뷶Χ£©£ºA000H¡«A7FFH; (2)Óû§³ÌÐòÇø
¢Ù×ó¶Ë2Ƭ1K¡Á4RAMоƬµØÖ·Â뷶Χ£©£ºA800H¡«ABFFH; ¢ÚÓÒ¶Ë2Ƭ1K¡Á4RAMоƬµØÖ·Â뷶Χ£©£ºAC00H¡«AFFFH; µÚ 7 Õ ָÁîϵͳ
1.ij»úÖ¸Áî¸ñʽÈçÏÂͼËùʾ£º
OP
X A 0 ¡« 5 6 7 8 ¡« 15 ͼÖÐXΪѰַÌØÕ÷룬ÇÒ
µ±X=0ʱ£¬²»±äÖ·£»
X=1ʱ£¬ÓбäÖ·¼Ä´æÆ÷X1½øÐбäÖ·£» X=2ʱ£¬ÓбäÖ·¼Ä´æÆ÷X2½øÐбäÖ·£» X=3ʱ£¬Ïà¶ÔÑ°Ö·¡£
É裨PC£©=1234H£¬[X1]=0037H£¬[ X2]=1122H£¬È·¶¨ÏÂÁÐÖ¸ÁîµÄÓÐЧµØÖ·£¨Ö¸ÁîºÍµØÖ·¾ù²ÉÓÃÊ®Áù½øÖƱíʾ£©£º
£¨1£©4420£»£¨2£©2244£»£¨3£©1322£»£¨4£©3521¡£ ´ð£º£¨1£©0020H£»£¨2£©1166H£»£¨3£©1256H£»£¨4£©0058H
2.Ò»ÖÖÒ»µØÖ·Ö¸ÁîµÄ¸ñʽÈçÏÂËùʾ£º
OP
ÆäÖÐIΪ¼äÖ·ÌØÕ÷£¬XΪѰַģʽ£¬AΪÐÎʽµØÖ·¡£ÉèRΪͨÓüĴæÆ÷£¬Ò²¿É×÷Ϊ±äÖ·¼Ä´æÆ÷¡£ÔÚ±í7.2ÖÐÌîдÊʵ±µÄÑ°Ö··½Ê½Ãû³Æ¡£
±í7.2 Ñ°Ö·±í
Ñ°Ö··½Ê½Ãû³Æ ¢Ù ¢Ú ¢Û ¢Ü ¢Ý ¢Þ ¢ß ¢à I 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 X 00 01 10 11 00 01 10 11 ÓÐЧµØÖ·EA EA=A EA=(PC)+A EA=(R)+A EA=R EA=(A) EA=((PC)+A) EA=((R)+A) EA=£¨R£© I X A ´ð£º¢ÙÖ±½ÓÑ°Ö· ¢ÚÏà¶ÔÑ°Ö· ¢Û±äÖ·Ñ°Ö·
¢Ü¼Ä´æÆ÷Ö±½ÓÑ°Ö· ¢Ý¼ä½ÓÑ°Ö· ¢ÞÏÈÏà¶Ôºó¼äÖ· ¢ßÏȱäÖ·ÔÙ¼äÖ· ¢à¼Ä´æÆ÷¼ä½ÓÑ°Ö· 3.ij»ú»úÆ÷×Ö³¤¡¢Ö¸Áî×Ö³¤ºÍ´æ´¢×Ö³¤¾ùΪ16λ£¬Ö¸Áîϵͳ¹²ÄÜÍê³É50ÖÖ²Ù×÷£¬²ÉÓÃÏà¶ÔÑ°Ö·¡¢¼ä½Ó¡¢Ö±½ÓÑ°Ö·¡£ÊÔÎÊ£º
¢ÅÖ¸Áî¸ñʽÈçºÎÈ·¶¨£¿¸÷ÖÖÑ°Ö··½Ê½µÄÓÐЧµØÖ·ÈçºÎÐγɣ¿ ¢ÆÄÜ·ñÔö¼ÓÆäËûÑ°Ö··½·¨£¿ËµÃ÷ÀíÓÉ¡£
31
´ð£º£¨1£©¸ù¾ÝÌâÒâÖ¸Áî¸ñʽΪ
6 2 8
OP X A
ÆäÖУ¬OPΪ²Ù×÷Â룬6룬¿ÉÍê³É50ÖÖ²Ù×÷£»
XΪѰַģʽ£¬È¡2룬¿É¶¨Òå4ÖÖÑ°Ö··½Ê½£¬¶¨ÒåÈçÏ£º X=00Ö±½ÓÑ°Ö·£¬EA=A£» X=01Ïà¶ÔÑ°Ö·£¬EA=(PC)+A£» X=10¼ä½ÓÑ°Ö·£¬EA=£¨A£©¡£
£¨2£©ÓÉÓÚÉÏÊöÖ¸Áî¸ñʽÖÐѰַģʽX=11ÉÐδʹÓ㬹ʿÉÔö¼ÓÒ»ÖÖÑ°Ö··½Ê½£¬ÈçÁ¢¼´Ñ°Ö·£¬´ËʱA¼´Îª²Ù×÷Êý¡£
µÚ10Õ ¿ØÖƵ¥ÔªµÄÉè¼Æ
1.±È½Ï×éºÏÂß¼¿ØÖÆÆ÷ºÍ΢³ÌÐò¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄÉè¼Æ˼Ïë¡£
´ð£ºÁ½ÖÖ¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄÏà֮ͬ´¦ÊÇ£º¾ùÓÐPC¡¢IR¡¢Ê±Ðòµç·¡¢ÖжÏϵͳ¼°×´Ì¬Ìõ¼þ¡£²»Í¬Ö®´¦Ö÷ÒªÊÇ΢²Ù×÷ÃüÁîÐòµ½Ðγɲ¿¼þ²»Í¬£¬×éºÏÂß¼¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄºËÐIJ¿¼þÊÇÃŵç·£¬Î¢³ÌÐò¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄºËÐIJ¿¼þÊÇ¿ØÖÆ´æ´¢Æ÷ROM¡£ 2.д³ö²ÉÓÃ×éºÏÂß¼¿ØÖÆÆ÷Íê³ÉSUB ¦Á£¨¦ÁΪÖ÷´æµØÖ·£©Ö¸ÁîµÄ΢²Ù×÷ÃüÁî¼°½ÚÅÄ°²ÅÅ¡£ ´ð°¸ÈçÏ£º È¡Ö¸ÖÜÆÚ
T0 PC¡úMAR£¬1¡úR(¶ÁÃüÁî) T1 M(MAR)¡úMDR,(PC)+1¡úPC T2 MDR¡úIR,OP (IR)¡úID Ö´ÐÐÖÜÆÚ
T0 Ad(IR)¡úMAR,1¡úR (¼´¦Á¡úMAR) T1 M (MAR)¡úMDR T2 (ACC)-£¨MDR£©¡úACC
3.д³ö²ÉÓÃ΢³ÌÐò¿ØÖÆÆ÷Íê³ÉSUB ¦ÁÖ¸ÁîµÄ΢²Ù×÷ÃüÁî¼°½ÚÅÄ°²ÅÅ¡£ ´ð°¸ÈçÏ£º È¡Ö¸ÖÜÆÚ
T0 PC¡úMAR£¬1¡úR T1 Ad (CMDR)¡úCMAR
T2 M (MAR)¡úMDR£¬(PC)+1¡úPC T3 Ad (CMDR)¡úCMAR T4 MDR¡úIR
T5 OP(IR)¡ú΢µØÖ·Ðγɲ¿¼þ¡úCMAR Ö´ÐÐÖÜÆÚ
T0 Ad (IR)¡úMAR£¬1¡úR(¼´¦Á¡úMAR) T1 Ad (CMDR)¡úCMAR T2 M (MAR)¡úMDR T3 Ad (CMDR)¡úCMAR T4 (ACC) ££¨MDR£©¡úACC T5 Ad (CMDR)¡úCMAR
32