安徽工程大学机电学院毕业设计（论文）

氨基乙酸生产工艺设计

摘 要

氨基乙酸又名甘氨酸，它是结构最简单的α-氨基酸，它的用途非常广泛，主要用于农药、医药、食品、饲料以及制取其它氨基酸，合成表面活性剂等。氨基乙酸的生产方法有很多种，主要有氯乙酸氨解法和施特雷克法。在国内，由于技术、原料等原因，大都采用氯乙酸氨解法。

本设计的目的在于对模拟年产1万吨氨基乙酸的厂房工艺进行设计和优化，本设计简要介绍了氨基乙酸的主要用途，国内外的生产情况，研究进展和未来的发展趋势。结合国内的实际情况，本设计选用了氯乙酸氨解法，采用间歇式的生产方式，初步设计要求年产量1万吨，参照了许多文献及数据，对整个生产过程做了物料衡算，主要设备进行了热量衡算，并对主体设备氨化合成釜进行了设计，对生产工艺流程进行了优化，对车间进行了布置和规划。

设计经多次修改和调整，得到许多数据和能控制的工艺参数，所得到的产品理论上符合设计要求。

关键词：氨基乙酸；生产工艺；收率；氯乙酸氨解

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王淼 氨基乙酸生产工艺设计

ANNUAL OUTPUT OF GLYCINE WORKSHOP

PROCESS DESIGN

ABSTEACT

Glycine is the most simple structure of the α-amino acids,it's use is very extensive,mainly for agricultural chemicals,pharmaceuticals,food,feed and other production of amino acids,synthetic surface-active agent.There are many methods of producing lycine.The main solutions are ammonia and Chloroacetate Streck law. At home, because of technology, raw materials and other reasons,most plants use chloroacetic acid ammonolysis process .

The purpose of the design is to optimize the workshop process of an annual output of 1,0000 tons of Glycine .The design gives a briefing on the process of the main purposes of glycine, the situation of the production at home and abroad,the research progress and future development trends. With the actual situation development in China, the design chose the chloroacetic acid ammonolysis process and use the intermittent mode of production.The preliminary design requirements of annual 10,000 tons, Searched a number of documents and data，did the material balance of the entire production process the heat balance of the major equipment,designed the main equipment amination of reactor , optimized the production process.

After we repeated modifications and adjustments,we got many data and be able to get control of the process parameters, which are theoretically in line with the product of the design requirements.

KEY WORDS： glycine; production process; yield; chloroacetic acid ammonolysis process

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安徽工程大学机电学院毕业设计（论文）

目 录

引 言 ................................................................. 1 第1章 概 述 ..................................................... - 2 - 1.1 氨基乙酸的基本性质 ............................................... - 2 - 1.2 产品用途 ......................................................... - 2 - 1.2.1 应用于农业行业 ................................................. - 2 - 1.2.2 应用于医药行业 ................................................. - 3 - 1.2.3 应用于饲料行业 ................................................. - 3 - 1.2.4 应用于食品行业 ................................................. - 3 - 1.2.5 应用于表面活性剂和日化行业 ..................................... - 3 - 1.2.6 其他方面 ....................................................... - 3 - 1.3 市场需求与技术现状 ................................................... 3 1.4生产厂家 .......................................................... - 4 - 1.5 发展前景 ......................................................... - 4 - 1.6 生产技术的发展趋势 ............................................... - 4 - 1.7 氨基乙酸的生产工艺 ............................................... - 5 - 1.7.1 氯乙酸氨解法 ................................................... - 5 - 1.7.2 施特雷克法(cstercker法) ....................................... - 5 - 1.7.3 氢氰酸法合成氨基乙酸新工艺 ......................................... 5 1.7.4 生物合成法 ..................................................... - 6 - 1.8 本产品所选线路及可行性分析 ....................................... - 6 - 第2章 生产工艺流程及各工艺指标的确定 ................................. 7 2.1 生产基本原理及化学方程式 ............................................. 7 2.2 原料规格及性质 ....................................................... 7 2.2.1 基本原料 ........................................................... 7 2.2.2 原料质量标准 ....................................................... 7 2.3 生产工艺流程叙述及工艺流程方框图 ..................................... 8 2.4主要工艺指标的确定 .................................................... 9 2.4.1 生产工艺特点 ....................................................... 9 2.4.2 工艺指标的确定 ..................................................... 9 2.4.3 结语 .............................................................. 11 第3章 工艺计算 .................................................. - 12 - 3.1 物料衡算 ........................................................ - 12 - 3.1.1 原料及产品规格 .................................................... 12 3.1.2 衡算记住 .......................................................... 12 3.1.3 已知定量 .......................................................... 12 3.1.4 列衡算式 .......................................................... 12 3.2 热量衡算 ............................................................ 17 3.2.1 计算Q1与Q4 ....................................................... 17 3.3.2 过程热效应Q3计算 ................................................. 19 3.2.3 Q2的计算 .......................................................... 20 第4章 主体设备氨化合成釜设计 .................................... - 21 -

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王淼 氨基乙酸生产工艺设计

4.1 体积估算 ............................................................ 21 4.2 确定筒体和封头形式 .................................................. 21 4.3 确定筒体和封头直径 .................................................. 21 4.4 确定筒体高度 ........................................................ 21 4.5 确定夹套的直径 ...................................................... 22 4.6 确定夹套的高度 ...................................................... 22 4.7 计算传热面积 ........................................................ 22 4.8 计算夹套筒体，封头厚度 .............................................. 22 4.9 计算内筒筒体厚度 .................................................... 22 4.10 搅拌器 ............................................................. 23 4.10.1 换热装置 ......................................................... 23 4.10.2 搅拌装置 ......................................................... 23 4.10.3 轴封装置 ......................................................... 23 4.10.4 传动装置 ......................................................... 23 第5章 厂房布置 ................................................... 24 5.1 概述 ................................................................ 24 5.2 设备布置的原则 ...................................................... 24 5.3 厂房布置方法 ........................................................ 24 总 结 ................................................................ 25 致 谢 ................................................................ 26 参 考 文 献 ............................................................. 27

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