例如:

Your friends are coming to stay in your house for one week while you and your family are away on holiday.

(3) 考研真题分析:

The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive while avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens imposed by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. (1997) A. but B. while C. and D. whereas 2.

主句发生在从句之前,常用before, until, till引导,意为\在……之前\从句可置于主句之前或之后. 1)

before的翻译——不要千篇一律翻译为\在……之前\例如:

It took a few months of investigation before it became clear.

The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before realized how diverse languages could be. 2)

until,till意为\直到……时候\从句通常置于主句之后.until前的主句谓语必须是延续性的;其后的从句谓语必须是短暂动词或接时间点.若主句谓语动词是短暂动词,则要用否定形式.故有\直到……才……\的结构. 例如:

Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. (1998)

It was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electric medium. (2002) 3.

主句发生在从句之后,由after,since引导,意为\在……之后\例如:

Since I was a child I have lived in England. 4.

主句在从句之后立刻发生, 由once,immediately(that),as soon as引导,意为\刚刚,一……就……\ 例如:

I have decided that once I return to England I shall make no more long expeditions. I will ring you as soon as I have any more information. 二)地点状语从句

地点状语从句一般由where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere等引导,从句可置于主句之前或之后,意为\

在……地方,无论在……地方\例如:

Stay where you are.

Wherever he happens to be, Clint can make himself at home. Everywhere they appeared, there were troubles. 三)原因状语从句

原因状语从句由because, as, since, for等引导,从句可置于主句之前或之后,意为\因为,由于\1.

because语气最强,只有它能用来回答why的问句,引出的往往是听话人不知道的或最感兴趣的原因. 例如:

They make fun of me because I am shorter than anyone else. 2.

since通常置于句首,引出人们已知的不需要强调的原因,译为\既然\例如:

Since we do not have class tomorrow, why not go out for a picnic 3.

as与since用法差不多. 例如:

Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking. 4.

for表推断的理由,是对前面分句的内容加以解释说明. 例如:

It rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning. 5.

其他复合连词表示原因:in that, seeing that, now that, considering that, given that意为\鉴于……,考虑到……\ 例如:

Vitamins are different in that their elements are arranged differently. (1996) Given/Seeing/Now that they are inexperienced, they have done a good job. They did the job very well, considering that they had no experience. 四)目的状语从句

目的状语从句主要由so that, in order that, that引导,意为\为了,以便\从句通常置于主句之后.由于目的状语从句所表达的是一种尚未实现的愿望,因此,从句中要求有一个情态动词can/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would等. 例如:

Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm \to die and get out of the way so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential. (2003) 其它引导词:lest, for fear(that), in case, 译为\以免,以防止,生怕\

purpose that, to the end that等来表目的,从句谓语动词一般用should加动词原形. 例如:

They (scientists) should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. (2003) 五)结果状语从句

结果状语从句常由so(… )that (so后面接形容词,分词或副词), such(…)that(such后接名词), with the result that引导,从句只可置于主句之后. 例如:

He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes them himself, but has convinced industrial and business management that they are true. (1999)

Historians, especially those so blinded by their research interests that they have been accused of \method\

And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder----kitchen rage. (2001)

Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World WarⅡ

to send secret messages. (2004)

Diplomats and crabs are creatures that move in such a way that it is impossible to tell whether they are coming or going.

His anger was such that he lost control of himself. = His anger was so explosive that he lost control of himself. 注:

以上句型中,为了强调,还可将主句中的so或such置于句首构成倒装句. 例如:

So involved with their computers ________ that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games. A. became the children B. become the children C. had the children become D. do the children become

其它引导词:to the degree (that), to the extent (that), to such a degree (that), to such an extent (that)等.当它们位于句首表强调时,主句需倒装. 例如:

\predictably suffering,\To such an extent did his health deteriorate that he was forced to retire. 六)条件状语从句

这里只分析真实条件句,非真实条件句将在以后的虚拟语气考点中讲解.

1. 条件状语从句由if(如果,倘若), unless(除非), as long as(只要), so long as(只要)等引导,从句可置于主句之前或之后. 例如:

If you are waiting for a bus, everyone stands in a queue.

Do not lend books to friends unless you can be sure of getting them back. So/As long as you work hard enough, an iron rod can be ground into a neddle. 2. 比较only if(只有)与if only(只要) 例如:

The senior librarian at the circulation desk promised to get the book for me if only she could remember who last borrowed it. (1996)

He can continue to support himself and his family only if he produces a surplus. 3.

must / will have to do…if…be to do结构——如果(从句)一定得怎么样,那么(主句)也必须得怎么样. 例如:

The first two must be equal for all who are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. (1992)

If it doesn't rain within the next few weeks, the crops will have to be watered if they are to survive. 4. 其它引导词:suppose(that), supposing(that), providing(that), provided(that),on condition that等. 例如:

You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting provided (that) you don't mind taking the night train. (1992)

Suppose nothing happens to you. 5. 其它表示条件意味的句型: 1)祈使句/省略句+and…=if从句+主句 例如:

Talk to anyone in the drug industry, and you'll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered. 2)祈使句/省略句+or/or else=unless从句+主句 例如:

Give it back to me or (else) I'll tell your parents. = Unless you give it back to me, I'll tell your parents. 七)让步状语从句

让步状语从句主要由although, though, if, even if, even though, while等引导,主句前不可用but,但可用still/yet. 例如:

Although he tried hard, (yet/still) he failed.

The engineers are going through with their highway project, even though the expenses have risen. (1992) All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, although a direct