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(12) 2-丁炔-1-醇;(13) 对异丁基苯酚。

8.2 (1) (CH3)2CBrCH2CH3;(2) t-C4H9Br + C2H5OH;(3) C2H5SCH3 + CH3I;

OH(4)O慢OH(8)+ CH3BrOH(5) ;

SHI2(6);

H(9)OHS(7)CO2Na;

O2N(10);

;OCH2CH2CH3;

HOBrCH3H (R)C2H5;

(11)A(R)-C2H5CHCH3OHBCH2=C(CH3)2 +HO,

OHC.COCH2CH3COC2H5;

(12)A (CH3CH2CO)2OB.;;

(13) A. C2H5OCHBrCH3B. C2H5OCH=CH2 C. C2H5OH + CH3CHOCH3B. (R)-C2H5CHCH2BrCH3(14)A. (R)-C2H5CHCH2OSO2CH3C. C2H5CH(CH3)2;

(15) A.COCH3CH3OHCHCHB.OCH3CH3OHCH3;

D.HOCHCH3HCCH3OHHO(16) A.B. CH3CHOC.CH3CH3HCH3

8.3 (1)

NaI, 丙酮SN2OCH3, CH3OHSN2;(2)H2/PtNa2Cr2O7, H3O;

OCH3Mg, 醚D2OOH(3)

(5)PBr3KCNNaSHAB;

(4)Br2CH3CO2HMe2SO4, OHBrBr;

TsCl吡啶B2H4 醚CH3O(SN2)NaOHH2O2(6)CH3SO2ClNaCN醇;

Na2Cr2O7, H3O;

(7);

(8),(9)HBr-HOHOH;

CrO3, HCrO3吡啶.

8.4 (1) b > a > c >> d;(2) A b > c > a,B. b < c < a;(3) a > c > b;(4) c < a < b;

(5) 沸点: 1,4-丁二醇(230oC) > 1,2- 丁二醇(192oC), 后者以分子内的氢键为主,所以沸点低,在水中溶解度也低. (6) a > b > c. 8.5

(1)H?; (10)H3OHOC(CH3)3OH+ C(CH3)3CH2=C(CH3)2-H(2)H- H2OCH3CHCH3HHOCH2CH2CH3CH3CH3-HCH3CH3(3)OOO+OCH2CH2CH3H-HO(4)OCH2CH2CH3CH3SCH3 + (CH3)2C=CH2

(CH3)3COE2SN2+(CH3)2SCH2C(CH3)2HCH2=CH*CH2I

(5)1) H2) - H2OCH2CH=*CH2ClClCH2CH=*CH2 + CH2=CH*CH2Cl

8.6

(1) CH3CH2CH=CH2(或2-丁烯) + H3O3 CH3CH2CH=CH2 + BH3(n-C4H9)3BCH3CH2CH(OH)CH3;

H2O2, OH3 n-C4H9OH(CH3)2C=CH2 + H3O3 (CH3)2C=CH2 + BH3(2)Cl2500Co(CH3)3COH(CH3)2CHCH23BH2O2, OH3 (CH3)2CHCH2OH

HOClCa(OH)2- HClNaOH, H2O-NaCl(3)H2, Pb, CaCO3HClHCCNaH2, Pd, CaCO3喹啉HOClKOHCH3(4)H2SO4NaOH熔CHCl3OH

8.7 (1) 用Na2Cr2O7—H2O,H2SO4产生颜色变化。另法:Na或CH3MgI都与醇反应产生气

体(H2或CH4),醚不反应。(2) Na2Cr2O7.H2O.H2SO4, 另法:Na或CH3MgI都与醇反应产生气体。(3) Na2Cr2O7.H2O.H2SO4. (4) Br2, CCl4. 另法:Na或CH3MgI都与醇反应产生气体。 8.8

CH3SO3H(1) CH3CH(OH)C(CH3)3H—H2O(CH3)2CC(CH3)21) O32) H2O, ZnCH3COCH3

(2) A (CH3)3COH, B (CH3)2CHCH2OH, C (CH3)2CHOCH3

第九章

9.1 (1) 丁酮;(2) 2,2-二甲基环己酮;(3) 甲基环戊基酮;(4) 对氯苯甲醛;(5) 3,3

-二甲基-2-丁酮;(6) 3-羰基-2-乙基丁醛;(7) 3-甲氧基丁醛;(8) (S)-2,3-二羟基丙醛(L-甘油醛)。

(2)9.2 (1) CH3COCH2CH(CH3)2;

COCH3O;

(3)ClO;

(4)CH=CHCHO;

(5)CHO3(6)CHO;

CH3;

(7)CH3CH2CH(OC2H5)2;

CH3CO(10)(8)CH=NNHC6H5HClCH3。

;(9)CH3CH=NOH;

9.3

OH(2)C2H5CCH3CN;

(1)CH3C2H5COO(3)(a)C2H5CCH3(M= Li 或 Al)OH(b)C2H5CHCH3

(4);

O M

(6) 一般不反应CH3CH2CHCH3OH;

(5)CH3CH2CH2CH3;

O(7) (a)C2H5CNaNaCH2和CH3CHOCCH3,

OO(b)C2H5CC2H5和(CH3)2CHCCH3;

(8)C2H5C=NNH;

(9)(a)OMgBrC2H5CH(CH3)3OH(b)C2H5C(CH3)2;

CH3(a)C2H5C(SCH3)2 (10)(13)(a)C2H5C(CH3)C6H5O Li(b)(b)C2H5CH2CH3;(11)不反应;

C2H5C(CH3)C6H5OH(12)CH3OC2H5CCH2CC2H5OH

;(14)不反应;(15)H(3)CH3(4)OC2H5OCCH3。 OOCH39.4

(1)OCH=CHCOOH;(2)(CH2OH)3CNO2(6)NO2;

NHCONH3BrOHHCHO;

(5)CH3PhH(S)HOH(R)CH3主CH3PhH(S)HOH(S)CH3次Beckmann重排;

(7)APhP=CCl2+ONa-HB C6H5CH=CCl2OB;

(8)AClCH2C=CH2H;

(9)OCH2+ CH2NO2OCH2CH2NO2。

9.5

(1)NaBH4H3PO4?;(5);

(2)CH3MgBrH3O(3)NaOH,H2OH?;

Mg,醚CO2;

H3O(4)NaOH, H2OH?SeO2,50oCNaOH, H2O?(重排)H;(6)H3O?;

(7)Na2Cr2O7, HNaCCHH2O(8)HCN;。

9.6

(1)D2O, OD(2)HSLiAlD4, THF or NaBH4H2, NiH2O

(4)LiAlH4, THFD2O(3) (1) 的产物SH, BF3

(5)HSSH, BF3D2, Ni (6)CD3CD2MgBr, 醚H2O