2019西城高三第一学期期末英语

Director of Admissions

31. An application for Doctor of Education Leadership must be submitted by ________ A. April 5, 2019 B. March 15, 2019 C. January 31, 2019 D. February 20, 2019

32. In the email, Lora is advised to ________ A. update her information B. subscribe the email messages C. post her schedule on the website D. organize some activities for the fair 33. What is the purpose of the email? A. To apply for positions. B. To ask for suggestions. C. To provide information. D. To make recommendations.

B

Adam Zibluk is a 15-year-old Life Scout (童子军) in Troop 70 In Newtown, CT.He was also recently the Troop's Senior Patrol Leader, the highest ranking boy in the troop!

Last summer, he, along with 15 other boys from the Troop completed scouting's

greatest adventure, backpacking over 50 miles in 7 days in the wilderness at the Philmont Scout Ranch in New Mexico!

While Adam's Scouting achievements are impressive on their own, his time in Scouts has not always been so easy. Adam has hemophilla, a medical condition that can cause severe bleeding from even a slight Injury. And as a Boy Scout, spending much time out in the wilderness, It is quite common to get minor injuries. Because of his

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2019西城高三第一学期期末英语

condition, Adam has had to miss some Scouting activities over the years.

The first few days of Adam's backpacklng in Philmont went smooth. But on the 3rd day, while unloading his gear at a remote campsite, he felt a sharp pain in his back. Adam told the adult leaders about his back and that he was starting to not feel well. They made the decision to call Philmont base camp to seek medical attention.

It was getting dark and rain threatened. Two doctors set out into the night on backcountry road? and then hiked in the last 1/2 mile to find Adam. They did some tests and decided to take him back with them to base camp. It was a tough moment for Adam and for the rest of the scout crew. While Adam returned to base camp, the rest of the boys backpacked on. To encourage Adam, they took one of his shirts with them and took photos of it along the way, which they sent to him.

A few days passed and Adam was feeling better. The doctors cleared him to return to the backcountry! Finally, Adam finished the trek with his crew. He is now one of the only Boy- Scouts with hemophilia to have ever participated in and completed a Philmont Trek.

What encouraged Adam to take on this challenge despite the risk? \to do as long as I was prepared. And my parents have always encouraged me to not let hemophilia be the only factor in ANY decision.

34. What has stopped Adam from participating in some Scouting activities over the years? A. Inadequate trek experience. B. His fear of the wilderness. B. Lack of camping skills. D. His health condition. 35. On the 3rd day of the Philmont Trek, ________ A. Adam needed medical attention B. the team was caught in the heavy rain C. two doctors hiked all the way to find Adam D. the rest of the boys backpacked on with Adam's shirt 36. Why did Adam participate in this challenging activity? A. He had a love for it. B. He was eager to be a leader. C. He wanted to set a record. D. His parents decided for him.

37. Which of the following words can best describe Adam?

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2019西城高三第一学期期末英语

A. Athletic and ambitious. B. Considerate and fearless. C.courageous and determined. D. Confident and knowledgeable.

C

Be nice to mice and they may return the favour.

Only one drug of every ten successfully tested in laboratory animals ends up working in people. One reason, of course, is that mice are not men. Another, though, might have to do with the fact that while human patients are afforded all manner of creature comforts, their animal proxies (代替物). Although medical science's favourite creatures relish temperatures of a little over 30℃ , laboratories routinely keep them at five or ten degrees below that. This is not in order to abuse the beasts but. rather, because when kept warm they are unmanageably aggressive.

The downside is that they have to eat more than they otherwise would, in order to keep their bodies warm. That changes their physiology ( 生理 ) . And that in turn changes the way they metabolise (新陈代谢) drugs, with possibly confusing results. Joseph Garner, of Stanford University , thinks the answer is to keep the labs cool, but let mice deal with the low temperatures a? they do in their natural habitat: not by eating more but by building nests.

So far, though, no one has a clear idea of how much nesting material is needed to keep mice happy. Dr Garner and his colleagues therefore decided to find out. They have just reported their results in the Public Library of Science. Dr Gamer and his team let each of their mice , 36 males and as many females from three types commonly used in trials, wander free in two cages connected by a narrow tube. One cage was kept constant at one of six temperatures between 20℃ and 35℃. The other was maintained at 20°C but was supplied with up to ten grams of very small pieces of paper, which the mice could use to weave a nest.

The idea was to check whether the animals would rather build a nest in the cooler cage or move to the warmer one, possibly pulling nesting material along with them little by little. The researchers found that the mice's preferences varied slightly between types, as well as between sexes (with females fond of higher temperatures, possibly because of their thinner protective layer of fat) , confirming that there is no single set of conditions in which all mice feel cosy.

In general, though, with little nesting material around, the mice laboriously carried pieces of paper over to the warmer spot, one or two at a time. But leave at least six grams of paper in the chilly cage, and many mice will prefer instead to brave the cold and build a nest there.

That seems a small price to pay for better drug trials.

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2019西城高三第一学期期末英语

38.What does the underlined word \ A. Resist. B. Enjoy. C.Avoid. D. Maintain.

39.Mice eating more than they normally do may lead to_______ A. better management of their behavior B. their different body response to drugs. C. A slowdown in their metabolism. D. A confusion in their mind.

40. Dr Garner and his team found that_______ A. mice keep warm by moving pieces of paper B. female mice better beat the cold than male mice C. mice tend to fight the cold under certain conditions D. different types of mice prefer very different temperatures 41. To have a better drug trial, researchers need to________. A. provide little food B. use other animal proxies C. raise the lab temperature D. prepare enough nesting material

D

When Steve Jobs took to the stage in 2008 to announce the second iPhone and, just as importantly, the then-brand new App Store, he was selling consumers one simple thing: choice. Whether you wanted to play games , read the news , watch videos, or do a thousand other things, there was something for whatever your heart desired.

Then a funny thing happened. Logging into the App Store today is a bit like going Into a shopping mall armed only with a coupon (优惠券) for one thing: There's so much choice; it might just be easier to give up than choose.

It isn't just consumers who are burdened, though. Too much content of all kinds is also starting to have economic effects. When there are millions of apps available, It becomes more and more difficult to charge $ 5 or $10, so over time, a dollar or two has become the norm. A large amount of choice causes pressure, pushing prices down and driving us all a bit crazy in the process.

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