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This is an overview of the story of The Tin Drum， the most famous work by the German Nobel﹣winning author Günter Grass， who passed away on April 13 at the age of 87． The Tin Drum also established Grass as one of the leading authors of Germany． It also set a high bar of comparison for all of his following works． Just as his best﹣known fiction is both the story of an individual and of an age， so it is that Grass' life cannot be understood without referring to the history of Germany． He was called \conscience\， because he reminded Germans of a past during the Second World War （1933﹣1945）that many would have rather forgotten．

This sometimes made him unpopular． Many Germans did not agree in 1989 when he said that East Germany and West Germany should remain separate， as a united country would be too strong and threaten the world's peace． And Grass was called a hypocrite when he revealed in his memoir

Peeling the Onion （2006）that he had been a teenage member of the Waffen﹣SS， the Nazi （纳粹）

Party's fighting force． The man who had blamed the actions of others had a less﹣than﹣perfect record himself．

Grass was a man of the pen and the page and also a man with a gift for speaking to the public．

His writing was noisy and annoying， but one had to listen to it， a little like the sound of the drum banged by his most famous literary creation．

（1）In The Tin Drum， the hero ．

A． decides he will never grow up to escape from the war B． doesn't want to become a grocer as his father expects C． refuses to be separated from the tin drum he is playing D． has an unforgettable experience involving love and hatred （2）What does the underlined word \？ A． Someone who has justice on his side and pursues perfection． B． Someone who enjoys blaming others for their own mistakes．

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C． Someone who is unwilling to believe there is good in people． D． Someone who pretends to be more virtuous than one really is． （3）It can be inferred from the article that ．

A． Oscar Matzerath's stories were modeled on Grass's own childhood life B． critics applauded Grass's argument for continued separation of Germany C． Grass's life and works can be best understood from a historical perspective D． no other writer in Germany could be Grass's equal in perfect personal record （4）What is the author's purpose in writing the article？ A． To analyze what has made The Tin Drum so popular in Germany． B． To introduce the readers to Günter Grass and his most famous work． C． To present the history of Germany through the pen and page of Grass． D． To give some background information about Grass's early life as a writer． 18．（6分）Bees in a colony work with each other to gather food， and they try to find the most nectar （花蜜）in the least amount of time possible． A small number of bees work as searchers， but when a good flower patch （花丛） is found， how do they tell other bees where to find it？

Bees communicate flower location using special dances inside the hive， where bees live． One bee dances while the other bees watch． The dancing bee smells like the flower patch， and also gives the watching bees a taste of the nectar she has gathered． Smell and taste helps other bees find the correct flower patch． Bees use two different kinds of dances to communicate information： the waggle （摇摆） dance and the circle dance． Waggle dance

The waggle dance tells the watching bees two things about a flower patch's location： the distance and the direction away from the hive． A． Distance

The dancing bee waggles back and forth as she moves forward in a straight line， then circles around to repeat the dance． The length of the middle line， called the waggle run， shows roughly how far it is to the flower patch． B． Direction

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Bees know which way is up and which way is down inside their hive， and they use this to show direction． How？ Bees dance with the waggle run at a specific angle away from straight up． Outside the hive， bees look at the position of the sun， and fly at the same angle away from the sun．

Circle dance

The circle dance tells the watching bees only one thing about the flower patch's location： that it is somewhere close to the hive．

In this dance， the bee walks in a circle， turns around， then walks the same circle in the opposite direction． Sometimes， the bee includes a little waggle as she's turning around． The duration of this waggle is thought to indicate the quality of the flower patch．

（1）Why does the searcher give the watching bees a taste of the nectar？ A． To inform them of the distance of the flower． B． To celebrate her success of finding the nectar． C． To motivate them to collect the nectar． D． To ensure the bees find the right patch．

（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE about the dances？ A． The searcher's waggle means little during the circle dance． B． The waggle dance indicates the direction of the flower patch． C． The waggle dance shows precisely how far the flower patch is． D． The quality of the flower patch is not shown in the circle dance． （3）If the searcher dances inside the hive in this way（see the right picture）， which of the following is the WRONG flying direction for the other bees？

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A．

B．

C．

D．

19．（8分）Earth's geologic ages﹣﹣﹣time periods defined by evidence in rock layers﹣﹣﹣﹣typically last more than three million years． We're barely 11，500 years into the current age ，the Holocene． But a new paper argues that we've already entered a new one﹣the Anthropocene， or \， age．

The name isn't brand﹣new． Nobel Prize winner Paul Crutzen， a co﹣author of the paper， coined it in 2002 to reflect the changes since the industrial revolution． The paper， however ， is part of new push to formalize the Anthropocene age．

Recent human impacts have been so great that they'll result in an obvious boundary （界限 ） in Earth's rock layer， the author's say． \are so skilled

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