the matter？你看来很不高兴???怎么回事儿？ The soup tastes wonderful．这汤味道好极了。 Those roses smell beautiful．那些玫瑰好闻极了。 She appears to be friendly．她看上去很友好。 6）宾语是不定式或动词的或-ing形式时，不可用于被动语态。如： Peter hoped to meet her．彼得希望遇见她。 Mr Smith enjoyed seeing his daughter．史密斯先生喜欢看他的女儿。 7）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时，不可用于被动语态。如： She can dress herself．她可以自己穿衣服。 We could hardly see each other in the fog．在雾中我们彼此几乎看不见。 8）宾语是同源宾语时，不可用于被动语态。如： They live a happy life．他们过着幸福的生活。 The girl dreamed a sweet dream ．那女孩做了个甜美的梦。 9）宾语带有与主语有照应关系的物主代词时，不可用于被动语态。如： The old man broke his（＝the old man's）legs．那老人把自己的腿弄断了。 The girl shook her（＝the girl's）head．那女孩摇了摇头。

5． 某些动词的主动形式表被动含义 英语中有很多动词如act，break，catch，cut，clean，drive，draw， let，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash，wear等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，其主动形式常用来表达被动含义。另外，像 owe，beat，cook，bake，print，build，make等，有时可以用主动形式表达被动含义。如： This kind of radio doesn't sell well．这种收音机不太畅销。 The shop opens at eight o'clock．这个商店八点开门。 The pipe does not draw well．这烟斗不太通畅。 These plays act wonderfully．这些剧演得好。 Kate's book reads like an interesting novel．凯特的这本书读起来像本有趣的小说。 注意：主动表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。如： The door won't lock．门锁不上。（指门本身有毛病） The door won't be locked．门不会被锁上。（指不会有人来锁门） His novels sell easily．他的小说销路好。（指小说本身内容好） His novels are sold easily．他的小说容易销售。（主要强调外界对小说的需求量大）

6．某些动名词的主动形式表被动含义 1）在need，want，require，deserve和bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动含义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。如： The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。 My clothes need washing（to be washed）．我的衣服需要洗了。 2）形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。如： The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）这本画册很值得一读。 Such a man as Mr．Smith is not worth helping．（＝Such a man as Mr．Smith is not worthy to be helped．）像史密斯先生那样的人不值得帮助。 This plan is not worth considering．（＝This plan is not worthy to be

considered．）这个计划不值得考虑。 3）某些动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义 a．当nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant， interesting等形容词后跟不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动含义。如： Japanese is not difficult to learn．日语并不难学。（指日语被学） The water is unfit to drink．这水不适合喝。（指水被喝） The piece of music is pleasant to hear．这首音乐听起来很悦耳。（指音乐被听） This book is easy to read．这本书读起来很容易。（指

书被读） b．当动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。如： I have a lot of work to do today．我今天有很多工作要做。（work to do指被做的工作） He has three children to look after．他有三个孩子要照看。（children to look after指孩子被照看） 注意：如果以上句型用动词不定式的被动形式，其含义有所区别。如： I have some clothes to be washed．我有些要洗的衣服。（衣服不是自己洗） c．在there be．．．句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动或被动式，其含义没有什么区别。如： There is a lot of homework to do（to be done）．有很多家庭作业要做。 There are some clothes to wash（to be washed）．有些衣服要洗。 4）由介词for，on，above，under等构成的短语有时可以表达被动含义。如： His paintings will be on show tomorrow afternoon．＝His paintings will be shown tomorrow afternoon．他的油画作品明天下午展出。 5）表示感官意义的连系动词如smell，feel，taste，look，sound等在句子中常表达被动含义。如： How nice the music sounds！这音乐听起来多悦耳！ Good medicine tastes bitter．良药苦口。 Our school looks more beautiful than before．我们学校看上去比以前更漂亮了。在主动语态中,使让动词(make,have,let)和感官动词(see, look,watch,notice,listen,hear,feel,find)后必省略to,但在被动语态中必须加上to

例:在教室里我们听见他唱了这首歌

we heard him sing this song in the classroom.

he was heard to sing this song by us in the classroom.

被动语态相关高考题

1.An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week．

A．are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D．will hold

2. Every possible means ____, but none ____ successful．(2000年上海春招题）

A. has tried; has proved B．tried; proves

C. has been tried; proves D. is being tried; is proved

3．The question he asked is hard ____ ．

A. for answer B. to answer C．to be answered D. answering

4．By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ____ in Beijing.(2003年上海春招题)

A. would be completed B. was being completed

C. has been complete D. had been completed

5．More than a dozen students in that school ＿＿＿ abroad to study medicine last year.

(2005年上海高考题)

A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent

6.－－Why did you leave that position?

－－ I ＿＿ a better position at IBM. (2005年北京高考题)

A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered

7. More patients ＿＿ in hospital this year than last year. (2004年江苏高考题)

A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated

8. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you wouldn’t have time to ＿＿before the party.

(2004 年全国高考卷)

A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change

9. Rainforests ＿＿and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in

the future. (2002年上海春招题)

A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut

10. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment＿＿. (2005年北京春招题)

A. is damaged B. had damaged C. damaged D. was damaged

11.The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ＿＿by

2006. (2004年北京卷)

A. has been completed B. has completed

C. will have been completed D. will have completed

12. I feel it is your husband who ______ for the spoiled child. (2002年上海高考题)

A. is to blame B. is doing to blame C. is to be blame D. should blame