ÒÉÎʾ佫am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would Ìáǰµ½¾äÊס£
4¡¢ÆäËüνÓﶯ´Ê(Ö÷¶¯Óï̬)µÄʱ̬±ä»¯Ò»ÀÀ±í£º
ÏÖÔÚ Ò» °ã ÏÖ ÔÚ Ê± ÏÖ ÔÚ ½ø ÐРʱ ʱ̬ ¶¯´ÊÓÃÔÐÎ(µ¥Èýam ¼Ós / es) νÓﶯ(ÎʾäºÍ·ñ¶¨¾ä½èare ´Ê¹¹³É ÓÃÖú´Êdo / does) ÐÎ are ¹ýÈ¥ Ò» °ã ¹ý È¥ ʱ ¹ý È¥ ½ø ÐРʱ ʱ̬ ¶¯´ÊÓùýȥʽ νÓﶯÓÃÖú´Êdid) ´Ê¹¹³É ÐÎ were were +going to+¶¯´ÊÔwas would + ¶¯´ÊÔÐÎ ¹ý È¥ ½« À´ ʱ will + ¶¯´ÊÔÐÎ Ò» °ã ½« À´ ʱ ÏÖ ÔÚ Íê ³É Ê± have +¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê is +¶¯´Ê-ing am is +going to+¶¯´ÊÔhas ¹ý È¥ Íê ³É Ê± had +¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê (ÎʾäºÍ·ñ¶¨¾ä½è +¶¯´Ê-ing was 5¡¢°ËÖÖʱ̬µÄ¾ßÌåÓ÷¨£º
(1) Ò»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ ±íʾÏֽ׶ξ³£»òϰ¹ß·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷»ò´æÔÚµÄ״̬,»ò˵Ã÷Ö÷ÓïµÄÌØÕ÷¡£
¢Ù Ò»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ¾ä×ÓÖг£ÓеÄʱ¼ä×´Óoften,usually,sometimes,always,every (day
µÈ), once/twice,a (weekµÈ), on (SundayµÈ),never,in the (morningµÈ)¡£È磺They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(ËûÃÇÿÄêÈ¥Ò»´Î¹Ê¹¬)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(ËûÃǾ³£ÔÚÍíÉÏÉÌ̸ÉúÒâ)
¢Ú ±íʾ¿Í¹ÛÕæÀí¡¢ÊÂʵ¡¢È˵ļ¼ÄÜ»òÏÖÔÚµÄ״̬ʱ¾ä×ÓÀïÒ»°ã²»ÓÃʱ¼ä×´Óï¡£È磺
The earth turns round the sun.(µØÇòÈÆ×ÅÌ«Ñôת)/ Light travels faster than sound.(¹â´«²¥±ÈÉùÒô¿ì)
¢Û ±íʾʮ·ÖÈ·¶¨»á·¢Éú(Èç°²ÅźõÄÊÂÇé)»ò°´ÕÕʱ¼ä±í½øÐеÄÊÂÇé,ÓÃÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚ¿É
ÒÔ±í´ï½«À´,¾ä×ÓÖпÉÒÔÓн«À´Ê±¼ä¡£È磺The train for Haikou leaves at 8£º00 in the morning.(¿ªÍùºº¿ÚµÄÁгµÉÏÎç8µã¿ª³µ)
¢Ü ÔÚʱ¼ä×´Óï´Ó¾äÖÐ(ÒÔwhen, after, before, while, until, as soon asµÈÒýµ¼)ºÍÌõ¼þ
×´Óï´Ó¾äÖÐ(ÒÔif,unlessÒýµ¼),ÓÃÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ´úÌæÒ»°ã½«À´Ê±,¾ä×Ó¿ÉÒÔÓн«À´Ê±¼ä¡£È磺Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(ÄãÒ»µ½µÂ¹ú¾Í¸øÎÒ´òµç»°) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(Èç¹ûÃ÷ÌìÏÂÓêÎÒÃǾÍÖ»ºÃ´ôÔÚ¼Ò)
¢Ý Ò»°ãÏÖÔÚʱÓÃÓÚµ¹×°¾äÖпÉÒÔ±íʾÕýÔÚ·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷,¶¯´ÊÒÔcome, goΪÖ÷¡£È磺
Here comes the bus. (³µÀ´ÁË) / There goes the bell.(ÁåÏìÁË)¡£
¢Þ Ò»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ³£ÓÃÓÚÌåÓý±ÈÈüµÄ½â˵»òÔ¢ÑÔ¹ÊÊÂÖС£Now the midfield player
catches the ball and he keeps it. ¢ß È˵ÄÐÄÀí»î¶¯ºÍ¸Ð¹Ù¶¯×÷Ò»°ãÓÃÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ¶ø²»ÓÃÏÖÔÚ½øÐÐʱ±í´ï,³£¼û¶¯´Ê
ÓУºlike, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(ÈÏΪ),understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. È磺I think it is going to snow.(ÎÒÏëÌìÒªÏÂÑ©ÁË)/ I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(ÎÒÕæµÄÏ£ÍûÄãÓä¿ìµØ´ôÔÚÕâ¶ù)
(2) Ò»°ã¹ýȥʱ ±íʾ¹ýȥijʱ·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷»ò״̬,ÕâÖÖ¶¯×÷»ò״̬¿ÉÄÜÊÇÒ»´ÎÐÔ,Ò²¿ÉÄܾ³£
·¢Éú¡£
¢Ù ±íʾ¹ýÈ¥¾ßÌåʱ¿Ì·¢ÉúµÄÒ»´ÎÐÔ¶¯×÷ʱ,ʱ¼ä×´ÓïÓУºat (eight) (yesterday
morning),(ten minutes) ago, whenÒýµ¼µÄʱ¼ä×´Óï´Ó¾ä¡£È磺I got up at 6£º00 this morning.(ÎÒÊÇÔçÉÏÁùµãÖÓÆð´²µÄ)/ Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.(СÌÀÄ·½ñÌìÔçÉϾŵã°ë°Ñ´°×Ó´òÆÆÁË)/ When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his father.(Ëû×ß½ø·¿¼äʱ·¢ÏÖÒ»¸öİÉúÈËÕýºÍËû¸¸Ç×̸»°)
¢Ú ±íʾ¹ýÈ¥Ò»¶Îʱ¼äÄÚ²»ÖªºÎʱ·¢ÉúµÄÒ»´ÎÐÔ¶¯×÷ʱ,ʱ¼ä×´ÓïÓУºyesterday, last
(yearµÈ), in (1998 µÈ)¡£È磺He came to our city in the year 2000.(Ëû2000ÄêÀ´µ½ÎÒÃÇÊÐ)
¢Û ±íʾ¹ýÈ¥Ò»¸ö½×¶ÎÖо³£·¢ÉúµÄÊÂÇéʱ,ʱ¼ä×´ÓïÓУºlast¡, in¡, from¡to¡,
for(10 years),often,usually, sometimes, always, neverµÈ¡£È磺Mr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was young. / Every day he went to the rich man
and borrowed books from him.
¢Ü ½²¹ÊÊ¡¢¶Ô¹ýÈ¥¾ÀúµÄ»ØÒ䡢˫·½¶¼Ã÷°×µÄ¹ýȥʼþµÈÒ»°ãÓùýȥʱ,¶øÇÒ¾
³£Ê¡ÂÔʱ¼ä×´Óï¡£È磺I happened to meet Rose in the street.(ÎÒÕýºÃÔÚ½ÖÉÏÓöµ½Â¶Î÷)
(3) Ò»°ã½«À´Ê± ±íʾ½«À´Ä³Ò»Ê±¿Ì»ò¾³£·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷»ò״̬¡£
¢ÙÒ»°ã½«À´Ê±µÄʱ¼ä×´ÓïÓУºtomorrow,this (afternoon),next (year),one
day,now,soon,
someday,sometime, in the future, whenÒýµ¼µÄ´Ó¾äµÈ¡£
¢Ú ÓÃwill¹¹³ÉµÄ½«À´Ê±,±íʾ¶¯×÷ÓëÈ˵ÄÖ÷¹ÛÔ¸ÍûÎ޹ء£¡°shall¡±ÓÃÓÚµÚÒ»È˳Æ,
¡°will¡±
ÓÃÓÚËùÓÐÈ˳ơ£È磺I will graduate from this school soon.(ÎҺܿì¾ÍÒª´ÓÕâËùÖÐѧ±ÏÒµÁË)/ You will stay alone after I leave.(ÎÒ×ßÁËÖ®ºóÄã¾ÍÒªÒ»¸öÈ˹ýÁË) ¢Û ¡°am/is/are going to+¶¯´ÊÔÐΡ±±íʾ´òËã»ò×¼±¸Òª×öµÄÊÂÇé,»òÕßÖ÷¹ÛÅжϼ´
½«Òª·¢ÉúµÄÊÂÇé,¶ø¡°am/is/are to +¶¯´ÊÔÐΡ±±íʾ°²ÅÅ»ò¼Æ»®Öе͝×÷¡£È磺A man told them that the woman was to give birth to the special baby.(ÓÐÒ»¸öÈ˸æËßËûÃÇÄǸö¸¾Å®¾Í»áÉúÏÂÄǸöÌØ±ðµÄÄк¢)/ It¡¯s going to rain soon.(Ìì¿ìÒªÏÂÓêÁË)
¢Ü ±íʾһ¸öÈËÁÙʱ¾ö¶¨Òª×öijÊÂ,¿ÉÒÔÓÃwill±í´ï¡£È磺I will go to the lab to get
some
chemicals(»¯Ñ§Ò©¼Á). So please wait until I return.(ÎÒÒªµ½»¯Ñ§ÊµÑéÊÒȥȡЩҩƷ,ÇëµÈÎÒ»ØÍ·)
¢Ý ÏÖÔÚ½øÐÐʱ¡¢Ò»°ãÏÖÔÚʱҲ¿ÉÒÔ±íʾ½«À´¡£(¼ûÏàӦʱ̬)
¢Þ shallºÍwill ÔÚ¿ÚÓïµÄһЩÒÉÎʾäÖÐÏ൱ÓÚÇé̬¶¯´Ê¡£ShallÒ»°ãÓëµÚÒ»È˳ÆÁ¬
ÓÃ,willÓëµÚ¶þÈ˳ÆÁ¬Óá£È磺Shall we go to the zoo next Saturday?(ÎÒÃÇÏÂÖÜÁùÈ¥¶¯ÎïÔ°ºÃÂð£¿)/ Will you please open the door for me?(ÌæÎÒ°ÑÃÅ´ò¿ªºÃÂð£¿)
¢ß ¡°be to +¶¯´ÊÔÐΡ±±íʾ°´Õռƻ®½«Òª·¢ÉúµÄÊÂÇé¡£È磺An angel came to tell her
that she was to have this special boy.
(4)ÏÖÔÚ½øÐÐʱ ÏÖÔÚ½øÐÐʱ±íʾÏÖÔÚÕýÔÚ½øÐе͝×÷»òÊÇÏÖ½×¶ÎÕý·¢Éú¶ø´Ë¿Ì²»Ò»¶¨
ÔÚ½øÐе͝×÷¡£
¢Ù ÏÖÔÚ½øÐÐʱÓÉ¡°Öú¶¯´Êbe (am is are ) +ÏÖÔÚ·Ö´Ê¡±¹¹³É¡£
¢Ú ÏÖÔÚ½øÐÐʱµÄʱ¼ä×´ÓïÓУº now, this ¡, these¡µÈ,µ«¾³£²»Óá£È磺What are
you doing up in the tree?(ÄãÔÚÊ÷ÉϸÉʲô£¿)/ I am writing a long novel these days.(ÎÒ×î½üÔÚдһ±¾³¤ÆªÐ¡Ëµ)
¢Û ±íʾ¼´½«·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷,Ò»°ãÖ¸½üÆÚ°²ÅźõÄÊÂÇé¡£³£¼ûµÄ¶¯´ÊÓУºcome, go, stay,
leave, spend, doµÈ¡£È磺I¡¯m coming now.(ÎÒ¾ÍÀ´)/ What are you doing tomorrow?(ÄãÃ÷Ìì¸Éʲô£¿)/ He is leaving soon.(Ëû¾ÍÒª×ßÁË)
¢Ü ±íʾƵ·±·¢Éú»ò·´¸´½øÐе͝×÷,³£ÓëalwaysµÈƵ¶È¸±´ÊÁ¬ÓÃ,ÒÔ±íʾÔÞÑï¡¢²»
Âú»òÌÖÑáµÈ¸ÐÇéÉ«²Ê¡£È磺He is always borrowing money from me and forgetting all about it some time later.(ËûÀÏÊÇÏòÎÒ½èÇ®,¹ýһЩʱºò¾ÍÍüµÃÒ»¸É¶þ¾»)
(5)¹ýÈ¥½øÐÐʱ ¹ýÈ¥½øÐÐʱ±íʾ¹ýȥijһʱ¿Ì»òij½×¶ÎÕýÔÚ½øÐе͝×÷¡£
¢Ù ¹ýÈ¥½øÐÐʱÓÉ¡°was(µÚÒ»¡¢ÈýÈ˳Ƶ¥Êý)»òwere(µÚ¶þÈ˳Ƶ¥ÊýºÍ¸÷È˳Ƶĸ´Êý)+
ÏÖÔÚ·Ö´Ê¡±¹¹³É¡£
¢Ú ¹ýÈ¥½øÐÐʱµÄʱ¼ä×´ÓïÓУºthen, at that time, this time yesterday, at (eight)
yesterday (morning),(a year) ago, ÒÔ¼°ÓÉwhenÒý³öµÄʱ¼ä×´Óï´Ó¾ä¡£È磺He was cooking supper this time yesterday.(×òÌìÕâ¸öʱºòËûÕýÔÚ×öÍí·¹)/ The little girl was playing with her toy when I saw her.(ÎÒ¿´µ½Ð¡Å®º¢µÄʱºòËýÕýÔÚÍæÍæ¾ß)
¢Û ÓÃÓÚ±öÓï´Ó¾ä»òʱ¼ä×´Óï´Ó¾äÖÐ,±íʾÓëÖ÷¾ä¶¯×÷ͬʱ½øÐжøÇÒÊÇÑÓÐøÊ±¼ä½Ï
³¤¡£¾ä×ÓÖÐͨ³£²»ÓÃʱ¼ä×´Óï¡£È磺She was it happen when she was walking past.(Ëý·¹ýʱ¿´µ½ÊÂÇéµÄ·¢Éú)/ They sang a lot of songs while they were walking in the dark forest.(ËûÃÇÔÚºÚ°µµÄÉÁÖÀï×ßʱ³ªÁ˺ܶà¸è)
¢Ü Ò²¿ÉÒÔ±íʾ¹ýÈ¥Ò»¸ö½×¶ÎƵ·±·¢Éú»ò·´¸´½øÐе͝×÷,³£ÓëalwaysµÈƵ¶È¸±´Ê
Á¬ÓÃ,ÒÔ±íʾÔÞÑï¡¢²»Âú»òÌÖÑáµÈ¸ÐÇéÉ«²Ê¡£È磺He was always borrowing money from me when he lived here.(ËûסÔÚÕâÀïʱÀÏÏòÎÒ½èÇ®)
(6)ÏÖÔÚÍê³Éʱ ÏÖÔÚÍê³Éʱ±íʾһ¸ö·¢ÉúÔÚ¹ýÈ¥µÄ¡¢¶ÔÏÖÔÚÈÔÓÐÓ°ÏìµÄ¶¯×÷,»ò±íʾ¿ª
ʼÔÚ¹ýÈ¥,²¢ÇÒÒ»Ö±ÑÓÐøµ½ÏÖÔÚ,ÉõÖÁ»¹¿ÉÄÜÑÓÐøÏÂÈ¥µÄ¶¯×÷¡£
¢ÙÔÚÍê³ÉʱÓÉ¡°Öú¶¯´Êhave (has)+¶¯´ÊµÄ¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê¡±¹¹³É¡£