一、语基必备知识

(一)重点词汇——分类记忆

Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√ exposure n． fund n. inhabitant n. bid n. advocate v. compromise n. subjective adj. guidance n.

Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 1．preserve v. 2．relation n. 3．list v. 4．maintain v. 5．endangered adj. 6．recommend v. 7．precious adj. 8．estimate n. 9．length n. 10．request n. 11．enlarge v. 12．honour v. Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变

1．agree vi.同意→agreement n．协议

2．invest v．投资→investment n．投资→investor n．投资者

3．remains n．遗体；遗迹→remain vi.剩余；留下，逗留；保持，仍是

保护；保存 亲属，亲戚

(按某次序)把……列表，列清单 保持；维持；保养 濒危的 建议；推荐

宝贵的；珍贵的；贵重的 估计；估算 长度 请求；要求 (使)增大；(使)扩大 给予荣誉 evolution n. catastrophe n. mankind n. discrimination n. status n. agenda n. thorough adj.

4．exist vi.存在→existence n．存在 5．sharp adj.锋利的→sharpen v．使变锋利 6．contribute v．促成→contribution n．贡献

7．aware adj.认识到的→awareness n．意识；认识；感悟能力 8．propose v．建议；提议→proposal n．建议；提议

9．assist vt.援助→assistance n．帮助，援助→__assistant n．助手 10．mercy n．任凭……的摆布→merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的

11．undertake v．许诺做某事；同意做某事→undertook/undertaken(过去式/过去分词) 12．absent adj.缺席的；缺乏的，不存在的→absence n．缺乏；没有

13．ignore v．忽视；不理；不管→ignorance n．无知；愚昧→ignorant adj.愚昧的，无知的

1.“要求”知多少 ①request ②insist ③demand ④require

2.“忽视，忽略”动词小结 ①ignore ②neglect ③overlook ④omit

3.动词前缀en-面面观 ①enlarge ②encounter ③entitle ④endanger

(二)重点短语——记牢用活 1．of__vital__importance 2．apart__from 3．go__through 4．remind__sb.of__sth. 5．at__the__mercy__of...

至关重要 除……之外 获准，经过程序 使某人想起…… 受……支配 (使)增大；(使)扩大 遭遇 给……定名 危害 忽视；不理 忽略；忽视 忽视；忽略 忽略；省略 要求；请求 坚决要求 要求，请求 要求，需要

6．in__return 7．be__honoured__for 8．contribute__to

反过来；作为回报 因……而受到尊敬 导致；有助于

1.“除……之外”短语大集合 ①apart from ②except for ③other than ④aside from ⑤in addition to

2.“引起；导致”词语大荟萃 ①contribute to ②lead to ③result in ④bring about ⑤cause 3.go短语集锦 ①go through ②go after ③go against ④go in for ⑤go wrong ⑥go away

(三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 句型1：主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式(主动表被动) 教材原句 The site is__extremely__expensive__to__maintain and it will cost between three and five million yuan to repair it. 这个遗址保护起来是极其昂贵的，要花三至五百万元来修缮。 They are a precious part of our cultural heritage—it is 句型2：be of＋抽象名词 of__vital__importance that we do something. (＝ be＋adj.) 它们是我们文化遗产中极其宝贵的部分——因此我们采取行动就显得尤为重要。 二、语境强化训练 获准，经过程序 追求，设法获得 反对，违背 酷爱 出毛病 走开 导致；造成 引起，导致，造成 导致，造成 引起，导致 引起，造成

Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词

1．(2017·天津卷)Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored(忽视)．

2．Unfortunately, the restaurant he recommended(推荐) fell far short of our expectations. 3．My hobbies help me maintain(保持) a mental and physical balance and make my life colorful!

4．The high building is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have ever undertaken(承担)．

5．We gave our classroom a thorough(彻底的) cleaning before the National Day. B．根据所给单词写出适当形式

6．It is estimated(estimate) that a round trip to Mars would take more than a year. 7．I am so honoured(honour) to be here today with all of you to talk about the mutual help. 8．As is known to us, the People’s Republic of China came into existence(exist) as an independent country in 1949.

9．All foreign visitors are requested(request) to observe the regulations in this area. 10．I planned to have the photograph enlarged(enlarge) and hang it on the wall. Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义

1．(2019·天津卷)In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.提议

2．(2019·浙江卷6月)Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.导致

3．(2019·北京卷)He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.建议

4．(2018·天津卷)If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.(感观)敏锐的；(人)机灵的

Ⅲ.选词成篇

apart from; remind sb.of sth.; of vital importance; at the mercy of ...; go through; in return Don’t think that your father is a very important person in your life? You know, your father helped you 1.go__through the difficulty you had faced. 2.In__return,__you should work hard to thank him.His words will be 3.of__vital__importance to you in all your life, so you should remember them forever.