题型突破(一) 细节理解之事实判断题
A
(2017·前黄高级中学一模)
DiscoveringTasmania
TheislandofTasmaniaisseparatedfrommainlandAustraliabytheBassStrait.Theislandisaplaceofnaturalbeautyandhasmorethan2,000kmofwalkingtracksand18nationalparks.Ifyougoonatour
，
you’lldiscoverawildandbeautifulplacewherethepeoplearefriendlyandthefoodisdelicious.Ifyoudon’tlikewalking
，
thereareothertoursyoucanchoosefromincludingarivercruiseandcycling.Youcanalsocombineyourtourwithfishing，sailingorsunbathingonthebeach.
OneofthemostincredibleplacestowalkisalongtheTarkinecoastwhichislocatedinthenorthwestofTasmania.It’ssuchawildandremoteareathatyoucaneasilycompleteyourwalkwithoutseeinganyoneapartfromthemembersofyourgroupandyourtwoguides.TheareacontainsthelargesttemperaterainforestinAustraliawhichishometomorethan50endangeredspecies.ItisalsohometomanyAboriginalHeritageSites.Yourguideswillprovideyouwithplentyofinformationabouttheareaasyoucompletethatpartofyourtour.Duringyourtour，you’llcomeacrossrivers，mountainranges，spectacularwaterfalls，wildlifeandlongwildbeaches.Itwillbeanexperienceyouwon’teasilyforget.
TourItinerary： Day1：
You’repickedupfromyourhotelinthetownofLauncestonanddriventotheTarkine.Youthencompleteathree-hourwalkthroughtheforestbeforearrivingatyourcampatMysteryCreek.Thereyouwillenjoyadeliciousmealcookedbyyourguides.
Day2： Afterbreakfast
，
youcontinuedeeperintotherainforest
，
passingsomeofthetallesttreesintheworldasyougo，andstoppingforlunchandthencampintheevening.
Day3：
Thehighlightoftoday’shikeistheTarkineFalls，abeautiful15-metrewaterfall. Day4：
TodayyoucanstayatthecampandbatheintheTarkineFallsoryoucangoforadayhikeformorefantasticviewsoftheforest.
Day5：
Afteralasthikethroughtheforest
，
youarepickedupatabout4
：，
00pmandyouarriveinLauncestonataround7：00pm.
Thetourincludestwoprofessionalguides
，
transporttoandfromtherainforest
，
allfoodwhileonthetoursandallsafetyequipment.Youshouldbuyorhirerecommendedcampingequipmentincluding：backpacks，sleepingbags，sleepmats，headtorches，raincoatsandtrousers. 语篇解读 文章介绍了塔斯马尼亚岛的概况及旅游路线和安排。
1．Atouristtotheislandcan.
A．cyclealongtheTarkinecoastandthroughtheforest B．buyorhireasmuchcampingequipmentaspossible C．goforadayhikeformorefantasticviewsonDay5 D．choosetomakeasailingtouroftheplaceforpleasure 答案 D 解析
细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Ifyoudon’tlikewalking，
thereareothertoursyoucanchoosefromincludingarivercruiseandcycling.Youcanalsocombineyourtourwithfishing，sailingorsunbathingonthebeach.”可知，如果你去了这个岛屿，你可以选择航行。故选D。
2．Fromthepassageweknowthat.
A．peoplewillwalkhoursinallthefivedaysduringthetour B．manyspeciesindangerareprotectedinthenationalparks C．ittakesaboutthreehourstodrivefromLauncestontoTarkine D．thetourprovidesguides，accommodationandsafetyequipment
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Day 5中的“After a last hike through the forest，you are picked up at about 4：00 pm and you arrive in Launceston at around 7：00 pm.”可知，开车从Launceston到Tarkine，将花费大约三个小时的时间。故选C。
B
(2017·江苏六校联考)
ThetreepeopleinTheLordoftheRings—theEnts—cangetaroundbywalking.Butforrealtrees，well，it’shardertouproot.“Becauseit’sasessileorganism，literally，rootedintotheground，itisunabletoleaveandgoelsewhere.”saysMarioPesendorfer
，
abehavioralecologistattheCornellLabofOrnithology.“Whenatreefirststartsgrowinginacertainarea，it’slikelythattheclimaticenvelope，sothetemperature，humidity，soilcompositionandsoonsuitsit，becauseitwouldotherwisebeunabletogrowfromaseedling.Butasitages
theseconditionsmaychangeandtheareaarounditmaynolongerbesuitableforitsoffspring.”
Andifthathappens
？
Walnuts
，
hazelnuts
，
chestnuts，
，likebirds
oaks
，，，，，
pines—manyrelyexclusivelyonso-called“scatter-hoarders”
tomovetheirheftyseedstonewlocales.ManymembersofthefamilyCorvidae—thecrowsjaysandmagpies—arescatter-hoarderswhichtheythensubsequentlyretrieve.
Ornot.Andwhentheydoforgetsomething
，
aseedlinghasachancetogrow
，
meaningtheyliketostorefoodforthewinter
，，，，，
sometimesagooddistanceaway.TheClark’snutcrackerwhichisfoundinalpineregionsofwesternNorthAmerica
isdefinitelytherockstaramongthescatter-hoardingcorvids.Theyhideupto100,000seedsperyearupto30kilometersawayfromtheseedsource
andhaveaveryclosesymbioticrelationshipwithseveralpinespecies，mostnotablythewhitebarkpine.
Pesendorferandhiscolleaguescataloguetheseed-scatteringactivitiesoftheClark’snutcrackeranditscousinsinanewreviewpaper
，
inthejournalTheCondor
：，
，orbattlenewinsectsanddisease，
OrnithologicalApplications.Theyalsowritethat
astreesoutgrowtheiridealhabitatsinthefaceofclimatechangetheseflyingecosystemengineerscouldbeabighelpreplantingtrees.“It’sasolution，”Pesendorfersays
，
“that’sgoodforus—gettingbirdstodotheworkischeapandeffective—anditcouldgivevulnerableoaksandpinestheoptiontotruly‘makelikeatreeandleave’．”
语篇解读 本文主要阐述了鸟类可以帮助树木应对气候变化，实现迁移。
3．Accordingtothearticle，whatmakesbirdshelptreesmovefromoneplacetoanother? A．Theywanttomaketheenvironmentbetterforsurvival. B．Theywanttochangethetreesintoanotherkind. C．Theywanttostorethenutsforwintersurvival. D．Theyareforcedtohelptreestosurvive. 答案 C 解析
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...arescatter-hoarders，
meaningtheyliketostorefoodforthewinter，whichtheythensubsequentlyretrieve.”和第三段中的“Ornot.Andwhentheydoforgetsomething
，
aseedlinghasachancetogrow
，
sometimesagooddistanceaway.”可知，鸟类贮藏种子过冬有助于树木的迁移。故选择C。 4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outgrow”inthelastparagraphmean? A．Growinginabetterway. B．Beingforcedtogiveup. C．Makingchangesto.
D．Findingamysteriouswaytosurvive. 答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“theiridealhabitatsinthefaceofclimatechange，orbattlenewinsectsanddisease...”
及
第
三
段
中
的
“aseedlinghasachance...distanceaway”“upto30kilometersawayfromtheseedsource”可知，由于气候变化和鸟类在种子原产地之外的地方贮藏种子过冬，树木会在它们理想的生存环境之外生长，也就是说树木会被迫放弃它们理想的生存环境，故选B项。 5．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?
A．BirdsMayHelpTreesCopewithClimateChange B．BirdsRelyonNutstoSurvive C．TreesHelpFightAirPollution