percent of its citizens said they were either %unhappy\

The research demonstrated that money and age were key determinants in how happy people are. Although the study did not indicate money could buy happiness, it did reveal a link between a lack of money and unhappiness. Less happy populations were found among lower-income groups or the unemployed.

The study also suggested that on the whole, the older we become, the less happy we are. Globally, teenagers are the happiest people. The age group with the lowest levels of happiness was 50-59. Only 16 percent of those in their 50s said they were very happy.

The factors that make us happy include good health, financial security and a happy marriage. Material comforts such as cars, clothes and gadgets ranked comparatively low.

Keys: B D A A C l Let’s Talk

When I first met my parents, I was really shy, and I was, and I was in my foster home and I ran upstairs, shy, and I was in my bedroom crying, and my mum came up and said, \mum, 'cause I didn't know her and I was scared. So, then my foster mum came up and I came down and we had some fun time. It was nice when I first arrived. I thought, \now it's just, \about her rabbits, 'cause she doesn't let me touch them. Well she does, but...

When I have a bit of a bad time with my sister, I go and speak with my mum and my dad. I feel most comfortable speaking to my dad about all my worries and stuff. I wish I had a brother in this family, but then it's just nice (being...) having two sisters, but I'd rather have a brother anyway. I mix with different people. I'm mostly friends with adults, 'cause I normally see adults more than children for some reason, I don't know why. It was scary going from my primary school to secondary school, but then that's just me growing up, and I've got to take the chances and take, just take what I've learned already and just move on and learn different things.

Keys: (1) shy (2) crying (3)scared (4) came down (5) fun (6) nice (7) two sisters (8) argue (9) touch (10) bad time (11) speak (12) comfortable (13) brother (14) adults (15) children (16) secondary (17) growing up (18) learn

l Further Listening and Speaking Task 1: Big John is coming!

A bar owner in the Old West just hired a timid bartender. The owner of the establishment was giving his new employee some instructions on running the place. He told the timid man, \you ever hear that Big John is coming to town, drop everything and run for the hills! He's the biggest, nastiest outlaw who's ever lived!\

A few weeks passed uneventfully. But one afternoon, a local cowhand came running through town yelling, \lives!\

When the bartender left the bar to start running, he was knocked to the ground by several townspeople rushing out of town. As he was picking himself up, he saw a large man, almost seven feet tall. He was muscular, and was growling as he approached the bar.

He stepped up to the door, ordered the poor bartender inside, and demanded, \

And with one strike of his heavy fist, he split the bar in half. The bartender nervously handed the big man a beer, hands shaking. He took the beer, bit the top of the bottle off, and downed the beer in one gulp. As the terrified bartender hid behind the bar, the big man got up to leave. \\town! Didn't you hear Big John is coming?\

(S1) owner (S2) running

(S3) drop (S4) run (S5) local (S6) yelling, (S7) lives

(S8) As he was picking himself up, he saw a large man, almost seven feet tall.

(S9) The bartender nervously handed the big man a beer, hands shaking. (S10)I got to get out of town! Didn't you hear Big John is coming Task 2 Reason and emotion

Emotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason, as is suggested by phrases such as \to emotions rather than reason\and \let your emotions take over\

consequences or thoughts which people may later regret or disagree with; but during an emotional state, they cannot control themselves. Thus, it is generally believed that one of the most distinctive facts about human beings is the contradiction between emotion and reason.

However, recent empirical studies do not suggest that there is a clear distinction between reason and emotion. Indeed, anger or fear can often be thought of as an instinctive response to observed facts. The human mind possesses many possible reactions to the external world. Those reactions can lie on a continuum, with some of them involving the extreme of pure intellectual logic, which is often called \the extreme of pure emotion not related to any logical argument, which is called \merits careful study. Passion, emotion, or feeling can reinforce an argument, even one based primarily on reason. This is especially true in religion or ideology, which frequently demands an all-or-nothing

rejection or acceptance. In such areas of thought, human beings have to adopt a comprehensive view partly backed by empirical argument and partly by feeling and passion. Moreover, several researchers have suggested that typically there is no \thought; that is, no thought is

based \—most decisions are founded on a mixture of both.

Key : A B C C D

Task 3 Every cloud has a silver lining

Pat: You look depressed. Are you feeling blue? I've come to cheer you up. Ted: But there's nothing that can cheer me up. I'm down in the dumps. Life's

miserable. Pat: You have to try to get your mind off things.

Ted: But I can't. I just feel there's too much pressure on me sometimes! Pat: You can't let things get you down. Learn to relax and stop worrying all the

time. What's your problem anyway? Ted: I failed my last exam, and another exam is coming. What can I do? Pat: If I were you, I'd start working hard. If you work hard for a long time,

you're bound to get better grades. You see, \Ted: It's easier said than done. I get bored after reading only for 15 minutes.

Pat: You have to learn some self-discipline.

Ted: Worse than that! If I work for half an hour, I get a headache. Then I start

to worry about passing the next exam. Pat: It's all in your mind. Stay cheerful and everything will soon be OK. Ted: But how can I stay cheerful all the time? Pat: Try to look on the bright side of things. Ted: But what if there isn't a bright side?

Pat: You know the saying: Every cloud has a silver lining. It means there're

always two sides of everything—both the dark and bright sides. So, try to identify your strengths and then bring them into full play. Ted: Oh no! Your old sayings are making me even more depressed.

Key : T F F T F l Viewing and speaking

Reporter:

They are, of course, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, but when