印染厂废水毕业设计 下载本文

environmental protection, cod and bod5 were below 80mg/l and 10mg/l respectively; cod and bod5removal rates were over 80% and over 90% respectively.

the liquid waste processing factory designs scale3500 m3/d, its raw water fluid matter according to square and present production scale in factory and development request, after with factory square, native

environmental protection section consultation certain following design fluid matter amount of water:

q=3500m3/dcod=600mg/l bod5=250mg/lph=10~11 ss=300 ㎎/l color degree400times.

after handles, should attain the following a water fluid matter: cod≤100mg/l,bod≤25mg/l,ph=6~9,ss≤70mg/l,color degree≤40 times,reaching the dirty water exhausts a class standard.

principle is in design fulfillment getting well, meet the request of the modern.

key words: textile printing wastewater hydrolytic, acidification reactor,organism contact oxidizes 目 录

前言 ???????????????????????????????6

第一章 设计任务书 ????????????????????????7 1.1 设计题目 ???????????????????????????7

1.2 废水的水量及水质情况 ?????????????????????7 1.3 设计依据 ???????????????????????????7 1.4 设计原则 ???????????????????????????7 1.5 设计范围 ???????????????????????????8

第二章 废水的处理方案和工艺流程 ?????????????????9 2.1 废水性质 ???????????????????????????9 2.2 方案确定??????????????????????????9

2.3 工艺流程 ???????????????????????????11 2.4 预计处理效果 ?????????????????????????12

第三章 各构筑物的设计与计算????????????????????14 3.1 格栅和筛网 ??????????????????????????14 3.2 调节池 ????????????????????????????16 3.3 水解酸化池 ??????????????????????????20 3.4 生物接触氧化池 ????????????????????????21

3.5 竖流式二沉池????????????????????????26 3.6 混凝反应池?????????????????????????29 3.7 斜板沉淀池 ??????????????????????????32

第四章 污泥的处理与处置 ?????????????????????36 4.1 污泥浓缩 ???????????????????????????36 4.2 污泥脱水机房 ?????????????????????????37 4.3 污泥管道 ???????????????????????????39

第五章 平面与高程布置???????????????????????40 5.1 平面布置 ???????????????????????????40 5.2 高程布置 ???????????????????????????42

第六章 工程项目概预算???????????????????????47 6.1 工程投资概预算 ????????????????????????48

6.2 劳动定员、运行管理 ??????????????????????51 总结??????????????????????????????53 参考文献????????????????????????????54 致谢??????????????????????????????55

【篇三:印染废水毕业设计】

生物接触氧化法处理印染废水 陈志发 60811007

(井冈山大学生命科学学院 江西 吉安 343009) 指导老师 胡萃 摘 要

本设计是某染棉布厂废水处理设计,污水主要指标为:化学需氧量cod:600-800mg/l,生化需氧量bod5:170-230 mg/l,色度:350-500倍,ph值:9.5-11,污水流量为10000m3/d。处理后要求达到的水质标准为:化学需氧量cod:100mg/l,生化需氧量bod5:25mg/l,色度:50,ph值:6.0—9.0。由于本设计要求出水水质很高,所以需要进行二级处理工艺。

印染废水成分复杂、色度高、codcr 高且难降解,对环境造成较大污染。根据以活性染料为主要染料的针织棉布染色废水的特点,印染废水处理一般采用生化—混凝沉淀法、混凝气浮法,化学氧化及活性炭吸附法等,但是这些方法存在运行费用较高、不易管理等缺点,所以拟采用铁粉曝气/紫外光体系+水解酸化+生物接触氧化的方法。本次设计过程包括了废水处理工艺流程的确定和设计计算,主要有格栅、曝气沉砂池、调节池、水解酸化池、生物接触氧化池及

污泥处理部分设计,通过以上设计及处理,使废水处理达到排放标准。

关键词:印染废水;水解酸化;生物接触氧化;脱色

the method with bcoof processing printing and dyeing wastewater

chen zhi fa 60811007

(jinggangshan university jiangxi ji’an 343009) tutor:hu cui abstract

this design is a design to aim at dyestuff wast ewater

treatment. its main pollute parameter include: chemical oxygen demand (cod) 600-800mg/l, bio-chemical oxygen demand (bod5) 170-230 mg/l, color 350-500倍, the value of ph 9.5-11. the water discharge is 10000 m3/d. the treated water is

required to reach the following standards: chemical oxygen demand (cod) 100 mg/l, bio-chemical oxygen demand (bod5) 25mg/l, color 50, the value of ph 6.0~9.0 . as the design requirements for water quality is high, so the secondary treatment process will be needed.

the composition of dyestuff wastewater is complicated . its chromaticity is high, codcr is high and hard to be degraded by biochemical treatment. that is why it causes serious pollution to the environment. a new treatment process for the rease of dyeing and printing wastewater which consists of mainly of active dyestuff is brought forward. biochemistry coagulation sedimentation, coagulation gas floation chemical l oxidation and activated carbon adsorption are generally used .but the operation cost of these methods is expensive and hard to be managed. so, the method of iron aeration / ultraviolet system and hydrolytic acidification and biological contact oxidation will be used. the design process includes the identification and design calculations of the wastewater treatment process. there are grating, aerated grit chamber, regulating pond, hydrolysis acidification tank, bio-contact oxidation pond and the design of the part of sludge treatment, with the above design and processing, the waste-water treatment to meet emission standards.

key words: dyestuff wastewater;hydrolytic acidification;bio-contact oxidation;decolorizatio;

第一章 绪论

1.1 棉纺染色废水的来源及水质特性

印染废水是印染厂、毛纺厂、针织厂等对纤维材料进行加工而产生的各种废水的总和,印染废水水量大、色度深、碱性强,有机污染物含量高组分复杂,同时其水质、水量变化大属难处理的工业废水。因此开发高经济的印染处理技术日益成为当今环保行业关注的课题。 棉纺织产品主要由棉花或棉花与化学纤维混合后经过纺纱、染色(或印花)、整理等工序生产出产品,主要产品品种有:纯棉和棉混织。棉混织产品中化学纤维所占的比例较大。棉及棉混纺织品可分为薄型织物(普通白布及染色布)及厚型织物(绒布、灯心绒布)两种。根据织造方式的不同,棉及棉混纺织品可分为机织产品和针织产品,除染色前处理过程略有不同外,其染色及印花工艺基本相同。

印染加工包括预处理(又叫漂炼,含退浆、煮炼、漂白、丝光等操作)、染色、印花、整理四道工序,预处理工序分别排出退浆、煮炼、漂白、丝光四股废水,而染色废水、印花废水和整理废水,以上废水的混合废水称之为印染废水。印染废水的水质采用的纤维种类,染料和浆料的不同而水质变化很大。一般印染废水 ph 值为6~10,codcr 为400~1000mg/l,bod5 为100~400mg/l,ss 为100~200mg/l,色度为100~400倍[1]。 1.1.1 退浆废水

退浆废水一般占总废水量的15%左右,污染物总量约占总量的一半,水量虽较小,但污染物浓度高,其中含有各种浆料、浆料分解物、纤维屑、淀粉碱和各种助剂。废水呈碱性,ph 值为12 左右。上浆以淀粉为主的(如棉布)退浆废水,bod5/cod 约0.3~0.5,可生化性较好。上浆以聚乙烯醇(pva)为主的退浆废水,bod5/cod 约0.5~0.8。

1.1.2 煮炼废水

为保证漂白和染整的加工质量,要将纤维中的棉蜡、油脂、果胶类含氮化合物等杂质去除。煮炼一般用烧碱、肥皂、表面活性剂等水溶剂,在120℃、ph 值约10~13 的条件下对棉纤维进行煮炼。煮炼废水的水量大,污染物浓度高,bod 和cod 的平均值高达数千毫克每升,其中主要含有纤维素、果酸、蜡质、油脂、碱、表面活性剂、含氮化合物等,废水呈强碱性,水温高,呈褐色。 1.1.3 漂白废水