Unit1 Passage a
4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. applaud supposedly mirror devalue entail flexibility strive obligation consequently fulfill 1. Taxes are a(n) ____________ which may fall on everybody.
2. We ____________ the authority's decision not to close the hospital.
3. The doctor's instructions must be ____________ exactly; the sick man's life depends on it.
4. Do these opinion polls really ____________ what people are thinking?
5. I prefer to think of memorization as a stepping-stone to____________ in use of words and phrases.
6. In her office memos she tended to____________ the work done by her staff.
7. The history of railroad transport has partly been a history of____________ for greater efficiency and profit.
8. He took on the new post without having the faintest idea of what it____________ .
9. He is____________ one of the greatest experts in that field.
10. Absolute secrecy is essential.____________ , the fewer who are aware of the project the better.
Answer: 1. obligation 2. applauded 3. fulfilled 4. mirror 5. flexibility 6. devalue 7. striving 8. entailed 9. supposedly 10. Consequently
5. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1 This period is usually____________ the postwar period.
2 It would be a setback____________ if we were denied the use of their software.
3 We make people mentally old by retiring them, and we may even____________ make
them physically old.
4 I know that the public____________ aren't interested in this issue.
5 My sister was always____________ to me____________ a model child.
Answer: 1. referred to as 2. at best 3. by the same token 4. at large 5. held up ... as
7. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。(take on)
Answer: With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities.
2. 他感到没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了。(make a commitment)
Answer: He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more.
3. 闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露茜却喜欢待在家里看书。(as opposed to)
Answer: Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading.
4. 说得好听一些，可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心 (conscience) 且没有资格的权力追求者。(at best, at worst)
Answer: At best he 's ambitious, and at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications.
5. 我们已尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。(strive, make no headway)
Answer: We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway. 8. Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to the italicized parts and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences. 1. It seems that the only time fathers merit attention is when they are criticized for not helping enough with the housework ... or when they die .
看起来似乎父亲唯一值得人们提及的是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟，给汽车换机油或其他一些典型的由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候
2.One exception to the “unnecessary father” syndrome is the glowing media attention that athome dadshave received.
这种“无需父亲”综合征的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。
3. By the same token, sole wage earners have less flexibility when it comes to leaving unsatisfying careers because of the loss of income such a job change entails.
同样，家庭唯一的工资收入者在想辞去不太满意的工作时，其灵活程度也要小一些，因为这种工作变换会使他们失去收入。
4.Today, there is widespread agreement among researchers that the absence of fathers form households causes serious problems for children, for society at large.
目前，研究者们普遍认为家庭中没有父亲会对小孩 —— 继而也对整个社会 —— 带来严重的问题。 5. As a society, we need to realize that fathers are just as important to children as mothers are — not only for financial support, but for emotional support, education and discipline as well.
作为一个社会，我们需要认识到，对于孩子来说，父亲是与母亲同等重要的，不仅仅在经济支持上，而且在感情依靠、教育和纪律训导方面都是如此。
Passage b
3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. sack clue expansiveness define sphere depression sustain division sour equality 1. Some people do, and some people do not, believe in____________ of opportunity.
2. He bravely____________ a great loss from the death of his father.
3. Police have still found no____________ as to the whereabouts of the missing woman.
4. In designing a bridge, one must allow for____________ in hot weather.
5. One of the workmen was____________ for his always being drunk.
6. When boundaries between countries are not clearly____________ , there is usually trouble.
7. Gardening is outside the____________ of my activities.
8. She said that the hat made me look silly, but perhaps that was____________ grapes.
9. The newspapers are full of such____________ news nowadays as crime, natural disasters, and rising prices.
10. The____________ of the world into developed and underdeveloped nations is a gross simplification.
Answer: 1. equality 2. sustained 3. clue 4. expansiveness 5. sacked 6. defined 7. sphere 8. sour 9. depressing 10. division
4. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1. Too much social life got____________ of her studies.
2. Ann did what she could to keep the marriage from____________ .
3. Police____________ murder but are still holding several people for questioning.
4. If you go on burning yourself out____________ , you ' ll injure your health.
5. As a result of his grandfather ' s influence, John____________ art while at school.
Answer: 1. in the way 2. falling apart 3. have ruled out 4. at this rate 5. took up
6. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.
Mounting evidence suggests that men and women think differently, and this seems to hold true in the unfortunate case of prejudice. New research by evolutionary psychologists at Michigan State University suggests that prejudice in men tends to be linked to aggression, while prejudice in women tends to be linked to fear. These researchers propose a “male warrior hypothesis” in order to explain how our history of group conflict may have shaped male and female psychologies in distinct ways.
Essentially, men are more likely to start wars and to defend their own group, sometimes in very risky and self-sacrificial ways. Attacking other groups represents an opportunity to offset these costs by gaining access to mates, territory, resources and increased status. Women, meanwhile, live under the threat of sexual coercion by foreign aggressors, and are apt to display a“tend-and-befriend response”toward members of their own group, while maintaining a fear of strangers in order to protect themselves and their offspring.
Answer:
越来越多的证据显示男人和女人的想法不同，这似乎适用于偏见这种令人遗憾的情况。密歇根州立大学进化心理学家新的研究显示，男人的偏见倾向于与侵略行为有关，而女人的偏见则倾向于与恐惧有关。这些研究者提出了一种“男人皆武士的假设”，以便解释群体冲突的历史是如何以独特的方式塑造男人和女人的心理世界的。
本质上，男人更有可能发动战争，以保卫他们的群体，有时他们会以一种非常冒险的和自我牺牲的方式来这样做。攻击其他群体意味着有机会补偿这些损失，并且可以有机会得到配偶、领土、资源和地位的提升。与此同时，女人生活在外来侵略者性胁迫的威胁下，对自己的同伙往往容易表现出 “照顾和结友”的反应，而保持一种对陌生人的恐惧以保护她们自己和后代。
Unit2 Passage a
4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
substitute eternally arrangement commit resemble constantly trace mutual ultimate attach 1. Countless fossil discoveries allow us to____________ evolution of today’s organism from earlier forms.
2. All legislation, all government, all society is formed upon the principle of____________concession, politeness and courtesy.
3. Several euro-zone governments object to the____________ , which they said put them at disadvantage.
4. It could take decades before people finally accept that everything they believed to be____________ true was merely a temporary set of measures that worked for a limited period of time.
5. Researchers have found that artificial____________ for the natural sweeteners actually increase One’s appetite and make him eat more.
6. Indeed, many college students do not select their ____________ career path immediately after they graduate.
7. We can not____________ too much importance to self-discipline in one’s success.
8. An electronic dictionary has an edge over a printed one — all its information can be refreshed____________ .
9. Advertising adds to societal definition of beauty and makes many of us aspire to____________models that grace the cover of magazines.
10. In most of the Western world, suicide is not a crime, but helping another____________ it is.
Answer:
1. trace 2. mutual 3. arrangement 4. eternally 5. substitutes 6. ultimate 7. attach 8. constantly 9. resemble 10. commit
5. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1. It permits us____________the sense of the worth of our persons and turn our energies to higher and nobler ends.
2. The number of schools and districts that were newly identified as（您未填写此题）improvement is unprecedented.
3. “（您未填写此题）, this is what New York has been waiting for,” Wu said. “Here there is a huge Asian population groups, which (Lin Shuhao) is something that we’ve been waiting to happen, ultimately this is what we expect.”
4. For several decades to come, China will still____________coal, the only fossil fuel in abundance.
5. Their divorce（您未填写此题）mutual distrust and constant quarrels.
6. The forms of architecture in history were not only（您未填写此题）the structures, materials and styles, but also upon the financial capacity.
Answer: 1. to take for granted 2. in need of 3. In the end 4. be dependent on 5. grew out of 6. based upon
7.Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 宪法规定公民享有言论自由。(provide for)
Answer: The Constitution provides for citizen’s freedom of speech.
2. 我们在如何养育孩子的问题上有截然不同的看法，因此常发生争吵。(grow out of; bring up)
Answer: Our constant quarrels grew out of the diverse ideas on how to bring up children.
3. 我们早在会阅读之前就已经掌握了一些词汇。(long before)
Answer: We have learned some words long before we can read.
4. 很多中国家长认为孩子越早上学越好。(the more ... the more)
Answer: Many Chinese parents think that the earlier children go to school, the better.
5. 新税法不是要惩罚富人，而是要给穷人以公平和机会。(rather)
Answer: The new tax law is not to punish the rich. Rather it is to bring justice and opportunity to the poor.
8. Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to the italicized parts and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences. 1.The feeling is that the home alone can provide anything resembling a satisfactory arrangement for the old and the young.
人们的感觉是只有家庭才能给老人与幼童提供使他们会产生满足感的一切。
2.But for the young, it is to be taken for granted that not much need be said, since there is natural paternal affection.
对子女来说，享有父母的呵护毋庸多说，因为这是一种本能的父辈的情感。
3.After all, there is nothing more beautiful in this world than a healthy wise man, with “ruddy cheeks and white hair,” talking in a soothing voice about life as one knows it. 终究，世上再也没有什么能比一个健康而智慧的老者更完美的了。他有着“红润的面庞，雪白的头发”，用和蔼的声音，谈论着人生世故。
4. Many Americans must have seen Chinese pictures of the God of Longevity, with his high forehead, his ruddy face, his white beard — and how he smiles!
美国人大概也看到过中国人所画的老寿星，他那高突的前额、红润的面庞、雪白的长须，还有他笑容可掬的神态！
5. I have no doubt that the fact the old men of America still insist on being so busy and active can be directly traced to individualism carried to foolish extent.
我丝毫不怀疑，美国的老人依旧要坚持说他们又忙碌又活跃这一事实，可以归为个人主义被推崇到了愚蠢的地步。
Passage b
3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
tutor yield embarrass hence potential presentation appropriate romantic affection recommendation 1. I was really____________ when I knocked over the cup of tea on my teacher’s desk.
2. The literacy council will begin a training program for volunteers who will go to____________the farmers in the remote areas.
3. The western part of China has enormous____________ for economic development, but a lot of investment is also needed.
4. Weather in Britain defies forecast and____________ is an object of interest and speculation to everyone.
5. The sports writers all predicted the American basketball team would not____________ the first place to Russian.
6. She has a great ____________ for the nursery of children and the children all like her very much.
7. To dress neatly and attractively in an outfit is____________ to the job.
8. Professor David asked one of the students to give a____________ on American thriller movies.
9. She thinks her boyfriend is____________ because he sends her a rose every morning.
10. The chairman made a____________ on the firm’s investment abroad to the board of directors.
Answer: 1. embarrassed 2. tutor 3. potential 4. hence 5. yield
6. affection 7. appropriate 8. presentation 9. romantic 10. recommendation
4. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1. Criminals are very diverse____________ gender, race and age. Some are indeed white men in their 40s, but others are black men in their teens, white women in their fifties, and so on.
2. I longed to have the opportunity of____________ the panel discussion to state my view.
3. It’s hard to____________ work after such a long vacation.
4. You must____________ your argument____________facts if you hope to win the debate.
5. No one is willing to help John because he never____________ others’ advice.
Answer: 1. in terms of 2. participating in 3. get down to 4. base ... on 5. acts on
1. In the West, the old people effect themselves and prefer to live alone in some hotel with a restaurant on the ground floor, out of consideration for their children and an entirely unselfish desire not to interfere in their home life. But the old people have the right to interfere, and if interference is unpleasant, it is nevertheless natural, for all life, particularly the domestic life, is a lesson in restraint. If one can’t tolerate one’s own parents in the sunset of their life who have done so much for him, whom else can one tolerate in the home? And how can the personal service and devotion and adoration (崇拜) of loving children ever be replaced by the best hotel waiters?
Answer:在西方，老人将自己隐于子女的生活之外，他们宁愿住在有烹饪室的旅馆。出于大公无私的愿望，老人不愿拖累子女，不愿去干涉子女的家庭生活。其实他们有干涉的权利，这种干涉即使会使子女不快，但确属十分自然。因为一切生活，尤其是家庭生活，本是一门学习克制的课程。父母曾为我们付出极大的辛劳，如果我们在他们晚年时尚不能容忍他们，那我们在家庭中还能容忍谁呢？骨肉的情爱侍奉，岂是旅馆侍从，哪怕是最佳侍从，所能替代的？
Unit3 Passage a
4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
diminish tactic revive infringe qualify legal accuse excerpt fraudulent echo 1. She refused to answer questions that____________ on her private affairs.
2. This is a view____________ by many on the copyright protection.
3. The following description of Pearl Harbor is____________ from a history book.
4. These people seem to think that reading a few books on business management would____________ them as experts.
5. It is perfectly____________ to import these goods under European law.
6. The actor’s trip home has____________ his memory of his childhood.
7. She practically____________ me of starting the fire!
8. Salesmen employ all sorts of clever____________ to try and persuade you.
9. The strength of the army was greatly____________ by outbreaks of disease.
10. She got the job as a science teacher by____________ means; she pretended she had studied physics at university.
Answer: 1. infringed 2. echoed 3. excerpted 4. qualify 5. legal 6. revived 7. accused 8. tactics 9. diminished 10. fraudulent
5. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1. Police are ____________the case of two missing children.
2. Her assistant was ____________theft and fraud by the police.
3. The city government continued to the issue of public transportation.（您未填写此题）
4. Last month the old professor a seminar for theoretical physicists at the university.（您未填写此题）
5. His doctor advised him to ____________of alcohol and cigarettes.
Answer: 1. looking into 2. accused of 3. grapple with 4. presided over 5. steer clear
7. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 你应该及时掐掉凋谢的花朵。(pluck off)
Answer: You should pluck off the dead fl owers in time. 2. 我认为你所说的实在算不上一个答案。(qualify as)
Answer: I don’t think what you said really qualifi es as an answer. 3. 我们的喊声在寂静的大街上回荡。(echo)
Answer: Our shouts echoed through the silent streets.
4. 毫无疑问，他的成绩提高了，他又重新燃起了对学习的兴趣。(revive)
Answer: There is no doubt that his grades have improved and his interest in learning has revived.
5. 史密斯夫妇已经向离婚法院正式申请离婚。(file for)
Answer: The Smiths have fi led for divorce in the divorce court.
8. Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to the italicized parts and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences. 1.When Brian Hill, a 20-year-old blogger from North Carolina, posted on his Web site last December a photograph of an airport security officer conducting a pat-down, a legal battle was the last thing he imagined.
丹佛——布莱恩?希尔，一位北卡罗来纳州20岁的博主，去年12月在他自己的博客上发布了一张机场保安人员搜身的照片，没想到由此引来了一场法律战。
2.To allow others who have not shared in that Investment to reap the benefit ultimately hurts our ability tocontinue to fund that investment at the same level.
“允许那些没有参与投资的人谋取利益，最终会伤害了我们按照同样的水平进行投资的能力.” 3.Mark Hinueber, general counsel for Stephens Media, owner of The
Review-Journal, echoed Ms Glines’ concerns,saying that cutting and pasting articles “steals the potential audience for our editorial material and traffic to our Web sites.”
《评论期刊》的投资人兼斯蒂芬斯媒体的法律总顾问马克?西纽贝尔赞同格兰斯的观点，说剪贴文章就是“窃取我们所编辑材料的潜在读者和网络流量。”
4.Other critics of the suits contend that reposting material for the purposes of discussion does not constitute Infringement.
关注该诉讼的其他评论家也认为，出于讨论的目的而重新粘贴的资料不构成侵权。
5.If the accusation were true that we were just a purely greedy operation not advancing the interests of copyright law, then we wouldn’t be addressing viewer diversion.
如果指控成立，说我们纯粹是一家贪婪的公司，而不是在推动版权法权益，那我们就不会处置网站受众转移的问题。”
Passage b
3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
duplicate witness knowingly patrol tactic abuse trample manual budget enforce 1. We tremendous changes in the city where new interchanges and express-ways could be seen here and there.（您未填写此题）
2. Don’t on the flowers when you play in the garden.（您未填写此题）
3. According to the investigation by FBI, he was accused of a privilege.（您未填写此题）
4. Read the carefully before you press the button.（您未填写此题）
5. In order to climb over the snow mountain, we ____________our expenses because we had to buy the life-preserver.
6. She will never hurt anyone because she is a kind-hearted girl by nature.（您未填写此题）
7. Because one of the players on our team was ordered off the field, the coach had to use a delaying____________.
8. In the evening we can see policeman our street against any possible disturbances.（您未填写此题）
9. After five-month’s debating, the Committee for Economic Development submitted to congress the annual which amounted to 1.2 billion.（您未填写此题）
10. The professor asked the research team to provide statistics that would the argument.（您未填写此题）
Answer: 1. have witnessed 2. trample 3. abusing 4. manual 5. duplicated 6.knowingly 7.tactic 8.Patrolling 9.budget 10.Enforce
4. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1. If you continue to steal, you will ____________ in prison.
2. All this idle talk wasted our time and we should ____________it ____________.
3. In the face of the blood-shedding we must ____________effective measures ____________stop it.
4. The airport built near our residential area our right to a quiet environment.____________
5. The gear the machine, so you must change it.____________
Answer: 1. end up 2. give ... short shrift 3. step up ... to 4. infringed on 5. Doesn’t fit into
6. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.
Righthaven was conceived of as a way of extorting money from websites on behalf of newspaper owners when quotations from those newspapers were posted to the web. The idea was that the newspapers would assign “the right to sue” to Righthaven, which would pursue lawsuits on their behalf, and share the take. Righthaven’s primary tactic was to shotgun legal
threats to everyone they could find, regardless of whether their claims had merit, and then withdraw the threat when someone stood up to them — classic copyright trolling.
Now Righthaven is pretty much dead. They’ve lost control over their domain (assigned to one of their victims, who has become a creditor of theirs, since the court awarded him costs), gone broke, and are just waiting for someone to dump them in a pauper’s grave. It’s possible that one of their early investors will come back and rescue them, but that would be a miracle as implausible as the climax of the Smurf's Family Christmas.
Answer:
Righthaven被认为是一家惯以代表报纸业主针对其报道内容遭其他网站转载而诈取经济赔偿的代理公司。其做法是报纸把“起诉权”让渡给Righthaven，令其代表自己提起诉讼，最后与Righthaven利益分摊。Righthaven公司的主要策略是地毯式搜索，对他们所发现的每个“目标”进行法律威胁，全然不顾其主张正确与否。要是遇上敢于硬碰硬的对手，他们就立即撤诉。这可是经典的“版权钓鱼”把戏！ 现如今，Righthaven已经走到行将就木的地步了。他们丧失了对域名的所有权（被划转给了曾被他们起诉的受害者，法院判决Righthaven赔偿该受害人的诉讼费用，该受害人一跃成为他们的债权人），惨遭破产，就等着被别人一脚踢进无名的乱坟堆了。当然不排除某位昔日的投资者会卷土重来，拯救其于危难之中，但这种痴人说梦式的奇迹简直就是天方夜谭！
Unit 4 Passage a
4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
familiarity fundamental qualification classification reward steer sufficiently consequently evaluate sensitive 1. 2.
It is well-known that photographic paper is highly ____________to light.
The first part of Law School Admission Test evaluates skills in reading comprehension, in figure____________and in the evaluation of written material.
3.
Because they are not ____________literate and job-prepared, some young people can’t hold a job for long.
4.
The boss managed to ____________the discussion away from the subject of money and into the topic of environmental protection.
5.
Sam’s ____________with pop music is so astonishing that he can sing a large number of pop songs.
6.
His car broke down on the way and ____________he was late for the meeting with his clients.
7.
One ____________of doing this social work is that I can learn to be independent, tolerant and get to meet people from different parts of the country.
8.
Mary has got all the right ____________for the job but is temperamentally unsuitable for it.
9.
As college students, we should have a command of the ____________of not only social sciences but also natural sciences.
10. The personnel manager said that he couldn’t ____________Mike’s ability without
actually seeing him at work.
Answer: 1. sensitive 2. classification 3. sufficiently 4. steer 5. familiarity
6. consequently 7. reward 8. qualifications 9. fundamentals 10. evaluate 5. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1.
Our trip was a disaster. ____________the hotel, it was very dirty, wet, and cold. In addition, it was miles away from the city center.
2.
All of the participants are trained to ____________their
minds____________details.
3.
Students of psychology will ____________greatly ____________the study of literature as it provides insights into human behavior.
4.
When I was a college student, I never ____________write to my parents every week.
5.
The judge asked the witness to supply the facts directly ____________the case.
Answer: 1. As for 2. focus ... on 3. benefit ... from 4. failed to 5. relevant to 7. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 我爷爷虽然70岁了，但他的爱好广泛，从下国际象棋到爬山，多种多样。(range from ... to)
Answer: My grandfather’s interests range from playing chess to climbing mountains although he is 70 years old.
2. 真奇怪，汤姆的奶奶都80岁了还玩玩具娃娃。(surprisingly)
Answer: Surprisingly, Tom’s grandmother plays with dolls at the age of 80. 3. 他大公无私的精神和天赋使他适合担当大多数学生梦想得到的那项工作。(qualify for)
Answer: His selflessness and talent qualify him for the job most students dream to get. 4. 你如何解释他的那个怪梦？(interpretation)
Answer: What interpretation would you put on his odd / strange dream? 5. 我们老板刚买的新轿车一小时能行驶200公里。(be capable of)
Answer: The brand-new car our boss has just bought is capable of making 200 kilometers an hour.
8. Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to the italicized parts and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences. 1.The study of literature is not only civilized and civilizing — encompassing, as it does, philosophy, religion, the history of events and the history of ideas — but popular and practical.
文学的研究——包含对哲学、宗教、历史事件的发展和观念由来的研究，不仅是文明的，同时是有教化作用的，而且是流行的和实际的
2.This requirement is certainly no impediment to a major in English. 这一要求对主修英语的学生来说肯定不成问题。
3. Graduates with merely technical qualifications are finding jobs in business, but often failing to hold them.
只有技术性资格的毕业生能找到从商工作，但却经常难以居其位。
4.Employers complain that these appa r ent ly promi s ing young men and women are simply not competent communicators.
雇主们抱怨说，这些表面上年轻有为的男女们根本不会有效地交流，
5. The list of federal positions for which English majors may qualify ranges from Claims Examiner to Foreign Service Officer to Highway Safety Management Specialist.
主修英语的毕业生能胜任联邦政府的一系列工作，从索赔审议到外交官再到公路安全管理专家等等。
Passage b
3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
ignore oblige claim prospect sheer proficiency champion beyond prejudice lag 1. Tom has made great progress in English. Above all, his composition is____________ praise.
2. He is a man of integrity and always____________ the farmers in the remote areas.
3. This PLA soldier____________ personal danger when he jumped into the icy water to save the drowning child.
4. This decree____________ the Union to delay strikes.
5. What the accused man said before the jury was____________ nonsense.
6. The small boy soon became tired and exhausted and ____________ far behind the rest of the walkers.
7. Perhaps the price of the wine will be much higher next year because the____________ for this year’s wine harvest are poor.
8. Surprisingly, the sixty-year-old man has acquired____________ in a foreign language through practice.
9. Her kindness, friendliness and thoughtfulness soon overcame the____________ of her stepchild.
10. His only____________ to fame was that he won the first prize in the national English speech competition.
Answer: 1. beyond 2. champions 3. ignored 4. obliged / obliges 5. sheer 6. lagged 7. prospects 8. proficiency 9. prejudice 10. claim
4. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1. These changes in people’s attitudes toward college students doing part-time jobs are an improvement（您未填写此题） .
2. She is always busy____________ a variety of contracts since she is the personnel manager.
3. At present, one of this city’s most serious problems is housing that____________ immediate solution.
4. My sister was a laid-off worker. She____________ a secretarial course in order to find a new job in a company.
5. The experience that he returned to college for the courses that he failed when he was young____________him____________ much valuable time and money.
Answer: 1. in a way 2. drawing up 3. calls for 4. signed up for 5. set ... back
6. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
1. There are numerous benefits to learning English as a foreign language. English is now the language of global business, or the lingua franca. This means that in the international business community, English is used for communication by people who do not speak the same language. English is generally considered to be second only to Mandarin Chinese in the number of people who speak the language. It is, however, impossible to know at any given time how many English speakers there are in the world, or how many people are currently learning English. Estimates are quite high. Answer:
英语作为一种外语，学习它有很多好处。英语现在是国际商务语言，也是世界的通用语言。这就意味着在国际商业界，英语是那些说不同语言的人用来相互交流的工具。英语通常被认为是仅次于汉语普通话的被最多人使用的语言。然而，人们却很难知道在世界上某一特定的时间段到底有多少人在说英语，或者现在到底有多少人在学习英语。据估计这个数字一定很高。
Unit 5 Passage a
4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
dismay invisible terrify discern haunt indifferent mount accountable compound mortgage 1. As if moved by a single thought, they cried out in____________and grief. 2. The absolute fake is so obvious but it is still____________to us. 3. He is mentally ill and cannot be held ____________for his actions. 4. Last year,____________ rates in Hong Kong dipped below 1%, adding fuel to the home-price surge. 5. Helmut’s problems were____________by his lack of concentration.
6. But part of the job of a leader on the scene is to what’s doable from undoable.____________.
7. But social frustration is____________ because of pressure from the country’s exploding young population.
8. All your mistakes will come back to____________ you.
9. He assumed an air of____________ , but at the bottom of his heart he was greatly disappointed.
10. The biting cold was more____________ than anyone could have imagined.
Answer: 1. dismay 2. invisible 3. accountable 4. mortgage 5. compounded 6. discern 7. mounting 8. haunt 9. indifference 10. terrifying
5. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1.
Homework — lots of it — is ____________ of her approach to forming opinions and to arguing for them.
2.
This resolve requires a deep inner strength — strength you can, and should,____________your diversity.
3.
We make changes in ourselves, in our community, and we____________ for global change.
4.
She didn’t____________the mold of the typical young woman of the 1950s.
5.
We must support the capacity of local governments and____________ corruption that blocks progress.
Answer: 1. at the heart 2. derive from 3. pave the way 4. conform to 5. stand up to 7. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 产品广告中的说明必须符合产品的实际质量。(conform to)
Answer: The explanation in the advertisement of the product must conform to its actual quality.
2. 新的见解有望为我们探索应对这种情况的新方法铺平道路。(pave the way for)
Answer: New insights will hopefully pave the way for us to explore new ways of treating this condition.
3. 谚语来源于生活，是一个民族的语言和文化的浓缩和体现。(derive from)
Answer: Proverbs, which derive from life, are the condensation and embodiment of the language and culture of a nation.
4. 这段情感关系一直困扰着她，而且不见尽头。(haunt)
Answer: The emotional relationship has been haunting her with no end in sight.
5. 应当承认，很难判定这件独特商品的合适价格。(discern)
Answer: Admittedly, the right price for this unique commodity is hard to discern. 8. Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to the italicized parts and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of Enlish sentences. 1.Eichmann had no motives other than what Arendt described as “an extraordinary diligence in looking out for his personal advancement.”
艾希曼别无动机，只是阿伦特所描述的“一种超乎寻常的寻求个人 升迁的勤奋而已?? 2.That such remoteness from reality and such
thoughtlessness can wreak more havoc than all the evil instincts taken together was, in fact, the lesson one could learn in Jerusalem.
阿伦特得出了这样的结论：“这种远离 现实的心理和这种无思想的盲从会胜过所有的邪恶本性，从而引发出更大的惨祸，而这一点事 实上恰是我们可以在耶路撒冷汲取的教训。”
3.This institutionalized narcissism and contempt for the “others” found its ultimate expression in the subprime mortgage
此种制度化的自恋和对“其他人”的蔑视在次级抵押贷款行业及其衍生而来的投资业得到 了终极的显现 4.The narcissistic business model provided the modern day “circumstances” that enabled individuals to ignore the poisonous consequences of their choices.
自恋的商业 模式提供了现代的“情景”，促使个体无视自己的抉择的恶果，由此铺就了一条通往全方位的 行政经济大屠杀的道路。
5.It is less a thirst for revenge than it is a rebellion against this banal evil. 公众的愤怒并不是渴望复仇，而是在反抗这个平庸之恶。
Passage b
3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
compassion compel pledge explore plague span transaction malnourished breach disclosure 1. He didn’t want to visit her but conscience ____________him to. 2. “I understand how difficult it must be for you,” she said with____________ 3. Any public ____________of this information would be very damaging to the company. 4. Some people still think it’s wrong to spend so much money in____________space. 5. The TV showed tragic pictures of____________and sickly babies, who were too weak even to cry. 6. Financial crises have been ____________their potential new partners. 7. When we make a____________, we should always remember it must be honored. 8. Will discussions with other companies about the terms constitute a ____________ of the agreement? 9. Over a____________ of only two years, many new job prospects have been opened. 10. The clerk at the foreign exchange counter is too slow and each____________ seems to last forever.
Answer: 1. compelled 2. compassion 3. disclosure 4. exploring 5. malnourished 6. plaguing 7. pledge 8. breach 9. span 10. transaction
4. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1. It’s crazy to have ￡7 000 ____________in the bank and not put to use.
2. John didn’t come to his office on time this morning, because his car____________on the way to work.
3. I admire him because he is the top student of his class____________
4. I____________him（您未填写此题）for better judgment than he later showed.
5. Be careful about your behavior, or your long-established reputation will be destroyed____________one hour.
Answer: 1. sitting idle 2. broke down 3. in all respects 4. gave ... credit 5. by the conduct of
6. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
Legendary entrepreneur Warren Buffet says: “Trust is like the air we breathe. When it’s present, nobody really notices. But when it’s absent, everybody notices.” You can run your business from startup to retirement on ethical principles. Now is when you must put the right things in place to build an ethical corporate culture: mission, values, clear and accessible policies and processes, corporate citizenship and philanthropy. The first step is to be a model of ethical behavior yourself. If your employees see you cutting corners and consistently working in gray areas, then they are probably going to do the same thing regardless of what your code of ethics says. It’s a monkey-see, monkey-do world we live in.
Answer: 传奇企业家沃伦?巴菲特说：“信任就像我们呼吸的空气。它在时，无人会真正留意，但一旦它不在，每个人都会注意到。”若坚持道德原则的话，你能把生意从创业一直做到退休。现在正是把以下这些正确的方方面面安排到位来建立企业伦理文化的恰当时机：使命、价值、明晰可及的规章制度、企业公民意识以及慈善心等。第一步是自己要做道德行为典范。如果你的员工看到你四处钻营并一直混迹于灰色地带，那么他们就有可能做同样的事情，而不顾公司的道德守则如何规定。毕竟我们是生活在一个上行下效的世界中。 Unit 6 Passage a
4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
Primitive Reveal identify confrontation arouse self-esteem achievement professional abandon soar 1. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great ____________. 2. Your____________is your good opinion of yourself or your respect for yourself. 3. It is a ____________instinct to flee a place of danger. 4. Later, some of his findings____________ much popular interest in his book. 5. She____________herself with the campaign against drug abuse. 6.The issue has caused great tension between the two countries and could lead to a military____________. 7.Government employees swear an oath not to____________ official secrets. 8.Most of the students have already felt the pressure of____________ inflation. 9.Dozens of homes have had to be____________ as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. 10.After he won the amateur championship, he turned himself to a____________ boxer.
Answer: 1. achievement 2. self-esteem 3. primitive 4. Aroused 5. identified 6. confrontation 7. reveal
8. Soaring 9. abandoned 10. professional
5. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1. Go ahead with it, and we will stand by you____________.
2.Last Sunday evening we went to the school playground to____________ the school football team.
3.The new evidence____________.
4.The garden has____________ our family for a long time.
5.For 12 years, we’ve sought to____________ this ultimate threat of disaster.
Answer: 1. through thick and thin 2. root for 3. backed up 4. belonged to 5. stave off
7. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 她将她的少年时代描绘成一个幻想和发现的时期。(portray ... as)
Answer:She portrayed her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery. 2. 试验表明，不抽烟的人比抽烟的人犯的错误要少。(fewer ... than)
Answer:Experiments showed that nonsmokers committed fewer errors than smokers. 3. 足球迷经常受到人们的重视，不是因为他们自身的成功，而是因为他们支持的球队获得了胜 利。 (not ... but)
Answer:Football fans are often highly regarded not for their own achievement, but through their connection to a team that wins.
4. 尽管演员的演技高超，这部长达3个小时的电影还是未能吸引住我们。(despite)
Answer:Despite the actors’ wonderful acting, the three-hour movie could not hold our attention.
5.王教授是我能唯一指望救我儿子的大夫。(rely on)
Answer:Professor Wang is the only doctor I can rely on to save my son.
8. Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to the italicized parts and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences. 1. Die-hard football fans hit the heights when their team wins and reach the depths of despair when they lose.
当球队取胜时，铁杆球迷会兴奋到极点；而当球队失败时，他们又会极度低迷。
2. It reveals that football fans suffer fewer bouts of depression and alienation than people who never watch Match of The Day.
这项研究显示，与那些从来不看“赛事集锦”的 人们相比，足球迷们所经受的沮丧和麻木要小。
3.This means you can be highly regarded not for your own achievement but through your connection toa team that wins.
也就是说， 你可能受到十分敬重，但这不是因为你自己的成就，而是因为你与获胜的球队有联系。 4. Not only that they tend to blame their team’s failures on a biased referee or on bad luck, rather than onArsenal’s mistake or the other team’s skill.
不仅如此， 他们更愿意把他们球队的失利归咎于裁判不公或球运不佳，而非阿森纳队的差错或其对手的水 平。
5. That applies to all ardent sports fans. 这一点适合于所有的热情体育迷。 Passage b
3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
Recreation devote victim nothing propel conclude depress regardless finance benefit 1. Black is a cunning man, but he has finally become a(n) ____________of his own behavior. 2. They feared that rising inflation would further____________the economy. 3. We should ____________ourselves assiduously and faithfully to the duties of our profession. 4. The jury____________ , from the evidence, that she was guilty. 5. In the Mediterranean, there is a temperate climate____________to health. 6.You can’t accept ____________drug use and expect to control the drug problem. 7.John is a person____________ by ambition. 8.Many computer software corporations are experiencing ____________ reverses. 9.Don’t worry about my illness; what I need is____________ but a day’s rest. 10.We will persevere____________ of past failures.
Answer: 1. victim 2. depress 3. devote 4. concluded 5. beneficial 6. recreational 7. propelled
8. financial 9. nothing 10. regardless
4. Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.
1. Inventors are now working on new devices that would be fully placed, ____________a tiny power
pack, in the patient’s chest.
2. I quite____________what you said, though I don’t believe that you can put it into practice.
3. Which sport has the most expenses ____________training equipment, players’ personal equipment and uniforms?
4. The doctor was asked to____________ the hospital because of an emergency case.
5. Beverage companies should____________collecting and recycling discarded plastic bottles and cans.
Answer: 1. along with 2. agree with 3. in terms of 4. go back to 5. be responsible for
6. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
Psychological health and well-being should not be confused with the question of whether or not you suffer from mental or emotional disorder. The research on well-being concerns itself with the feelings of normal individuals, or subjects from the general population. When we talk about psychological health, we are referring to how ordinary people are doing in life. In other words, if you are feeling distressed, that doesn’t necessarily mean that you are mentally ill. Psychological health concerns itself with how you cope, how you are doing in response and whether you find life to be interesting and enjoyable.
Answer: 心理健康不应该因为你是否受到精神或情绪紊乱而感到困惑。关于健康问题的研究涉及正常人个体或者普通大众的感受。当我们说到心理健康，我们指的是普通人在生活中的所作所为。换句话说，如果你觉得压抑，这并不意味着你就有心理问题。心理健康涉及你怎样处理事情，你又怎样反应而且还涉及你是否觉得你的生活是有趣而享受的。