computing essentials
第一单元
一．Circle the letter or fill in the correct answer.
1. A common term that describes the combination of traditional computer and communication technologies is
描述传统的计算机和通信技术的基本术语是：(B) a. management of information systems 信息系统的管理 b. information technology 信息技术
c. information superhighway 信息高速公路 d. computer competency 计算机技能
2.procedures are typically documented in manuals written by 说明书中的文档由 (B) 完成的写作。 a. end users 终端用户
b. computer specialists 计算机专家 c . Microsoft 微软
d . service providers 服务提供商
3. Which of the following is an example of connectivity? 下面那个是连通性的实例？(A) a. Internet 互联网 b. floppy disk 软盘
c. power cord 电源线 d. data 数据
4. Windows XP, Windows Vista ,and Macintosh OS X are all example of
Windows XP、Windows Vista和Macintosh OS X都是 (B) 的实例。
a. application software 应用软件 b. operating systems 操作系统
c. browsers 浏览器 d. shareware 共享软件
5. Because of their size and cost, these computers are relatively rare. 因为大小和成本相对来讲为数不多的计算机是：(D)
a. minicomputers 小型机
b. mainframe computers 大型计算机
c. microcomputers 微型计算机 d. supercomputers 超级计算机
6. The system component that controls and manipulates data in order to produce information is called the
能够进行控制和操纵数据并产生信息的系统部件叫做：(D) a .monitor 显示器 b. keyboard 键盘 c. mouse 鼠标
d. microprocessor 微处理器
7. A system component that translates data and programs that humans can
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understand into a form that the computer can process is called a(n)
能够把人们所能够理解的数据和程序翻译成计算机能够处理的系统部件叫做：(A)
a. input device 输入设备
b. output device 输出设备 c. pointer 指向设备 d. display 显示设备
8. A CD is an example of a(n) CD是 (C) 的实例。 a. output device 输出设备 b. floppy disk 软盘
c. optical disc 光盘 d. hand disk 硬盘
9. If you want to communicate a message or persuade other people, you would typically use this type of software.
如果你想发送传达一个消息或要劝说某人，你应该使用下面的 (D) 类软件。
a. Worksheet 电子表格
b. database 数据库 c. document 文档
d. presentation 演示（展示）
10. Many experts are predicting that this revolution is expected to dramatically affect the way communicate and use computer technology.
多数专家预言：通信方式和使用计算机技术的革命可以预期将会产生令人瞩目的影响。(D) a. FTP 文件传输
b. Word Wide Web 万维网
c. Telnet 远程登录 d. wireless 无线革命
二．Match each numbered item with the most closely related lettered item . Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1. Guidelines people follow when using software.___ 当使用软件时可以指导人们的是：e. procedures
2. Consists of the step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to do its work.___
由一步一步的指令组成并能告诉怎样进行工作的是 .f. program
3. Software that enables the application software to interact with the computer hardware.____
能够使应用软件和计算机硬件进行交互的是：i. system software
4. The most powerful type of computer.____ 功能最强的计算机是：h. supercomputers
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5. The least powerful and most widely used type of computer.____ 性能最差并且被广泛使用的计算机类型是：a. microcomputers
6. Translates date and programs that humans can understand into a form that the computer can process.___
把人们能够理解的数据和程序翻译成计算机能够处理的形式的是：c. intput device
7. Holds data and programs even after electrical power to the system has been turned off.____
能存储数据和程序甚至在系统关闭电源的情况下的是：g. secondary storage
8. Uses laser technology.____
使用激光技术的是：b. optical discs
9. Holds data and program instructions for processing data.____ 存储数据和程序指令是为了处理数据的是：d. primary storage
10. The largest network in the world._____ 世界上最大的计算机网络是：j. the Internet
a. microcomputers b. optical discs c. intput device d. primary storage e. procedures f. program
g. secondary storage h. supercomputers i. system software j. the Internet
第二单元
一．Circle the letter or fill in the correct answer.
1. The Internet was launched in 1969 when the United States funded a project that developed a national computer net work called
互联网起源于1969年的当时美国建立的一个研发国家计算机网络项目。（D） a. AARPNET b. CERN c. CERNET d. ARPANET
2.____is the most popular Internet activity. (A) 是互联网上最受欢迎的活动。 a. communication 通信 b. shopping 购物
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c. searching 查询 d. entertainment 娱乐
3. A(n)____program provides access to Web resources. (C) 程序提供访问万维网资源。 a. Web 万维网 b. browser 浏览器 c. ISP 信息服务商
d. URL 统一资源定位器
4. Rules for exchanging data between computers are called 在计算机之间进行交互数据的规则叫做：(C) a. programs 程序 b. procedures 过程 c. protocols 协议
d. hyperlinks 超文本链接
5. The last part of the domain name following the dot (.) is the top____domain. 在(.)后域名的最后部分是__(A)_。 a. level 顶级域名 b. link 链接
c. locator 定位器 d. language 语言
6. ____are widely used to add interest and activity to a Web site by presenting animation, displaying graphic, providing interactive games, and more.
__(A)__广泛用于为网站提升兴趣和活跃程度通过展示动画，显示图形，提供交互游戏接口等或更多。 a. Applets Java程序 b. Bots 机器人 c. Plug-ins 插件 d. Spiders 代理程序
7. Unwanted and unsolicited e-mails are called __(A)___ . 不愿意要的和主动提供电子邮件叫做： a. spam 垃圾邮件 b. junk 破烂物 c. flame 火焰 d. lurk 潜伏
8. Programs that automatically submit your search request to several search engines simultaneously are called _____ .
可以同时自动提交你的查询请求给多个搜索引擎的程序叫做：(A) a. metasearch engines 索引搜索引擎 b. search engines 搜索引擎 c. spiders 代理程序 d. hits 点击
9. _________cash is Internet's equivalent to traditional cash. ___(D)_____ 现金是互联网的与传统现金等价的 a. Universal 通用
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b. Web 万维网 c. Premium 保险金 d. Digital 数字
10. These programs allow parents as well as organizations to block out selected sites and set time limits on Internet access.
这些程序可以让父母和组织机构一样拦截有选择的站点和设置访问互联网的时间限制。(B) a. plug-ins 插件 b. filters 过滤器 c. FTP 文件传输
d. WAIS 广域信息服务系统
二．Match each numbered item with the the most closely related lettered item . Write your answers in the spaces provided . 1. Addresses of Web resources.____
万维网资源的地址。i. URLs 统一资源定位器
2. Part of an e-mail message that includes the subject, address, and attachments.____ 电子邮件组成的一部分，包括主题，地址和附件。d. header 电子邮件头部分
3. Program that starts and operates as part of a browser._____
作为浏览器的一部分并可以启动和运行的程序。g. plug-in 插件
4. The list of sites that contain the keywords of a keyword search.____ 包含通过关键字搜索出带有该关键字的网站列表:e. hits 点击列表
5. Program that automatically submits a search request to several search engines simultaneously._____
可以同时自动提交一个查询请求给多个搜索引擎的程序叫做：f. metasearch engine 索引搜索引擎
6. Buying and selling goods over the Internet.______ 通过互联网买卖商品。c. e-commerce 电子商务
7. Type of social networking site that reconnects people who have lost touch with one another._____
社会网络网站的一种且可以把彼此之间失去联系的人们重新联系上。h. reuniting 重聚
8. Similar to a traditional auction, but buyers and sellers typically interact only on the Web.____
和传统拍卖一样，但买卖双方是通过网络来讨价还价的。j. Web auction 网络拍卖
9. Criminals that specialize in stealing, trading, and using stolen credit cards over the
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Internet.____
在互联网上专门偷窃，交易，使用偷来的信用卡的罪犯。a. carder 信用卡盗用者
10. Internet equivalent to traditional cash._____
通过互联网与传统现金等价的。b. digital cash 电子货币（现金）
a. carder 信用卡盗用者
b. digital cash 电子货币（现金） c. e-commerce 电子商务 d. header 电子邮件头部分 e. hits 点击列表
f. metasearch engine 索引搜索引擎 g. plug-in 插件 h. reuniting 重聚
i. URLs 统一资源定位器 j. Web auction 网络拍卖
第三单元
一．Circle the letter or fill in the correct answer.
1. This type of software works with and users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details.
与终端用户、应用软件和计算机硬件联合工作来处理多数技术细节的软件。(D) a. communications software 通信软件 b. application software 应用软件 c. Web software 网络软件 d. system software 系统软件
2._____are narrowly focused on specific disciplines and occupations. __(D)__是专门用于具体的学科和职业。 a. Basic applications 基本应用程序 b. Utility programs 工具程序
c. Specialized applications 专用应用程序 d. Business suites 商业套装软件
3. The primary purpose of this type of software is to create text-based documents. 该软件的主要目的是创建基于文本的文档。(B) a. Web development 网络研发 b. word processing 字处理软件 c. spreadsheet 电子表格 d. presentation 演示文稿
4. Organizations create newsletters, manuals, and brochures with this type of software.
组织机构用来创建简讯、手册和小册子所使用的软件。(D) a. presentation 演示文稿 b. graphic 图形软件 c. spreadsheet 电子表格
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d. word processing 字处理软件
5. Letters, memos, term, papers, reports, and contracts are all examples of 书信、备忘录、条款、论文、报告和合同等是 的例子。(D) a. menus 菜单 b. models 模型
c. spreadsheets 电子表格 d. documents 文档
6. Numbers and formulas entered in a cell are called 在单元格中输入数字和公式叫做：(A) a. numeric entries 数字栏 b. intersection 交叉点 c. labels 标签 d. text 文本
7. The acronym DBMS stands for what? 首字母缩写DBMS代表：(B)
a. document binder management system 文档绑定管理系统 b. database management system 数据库管理系统 c. double-blind management setup 双盲管理的建立
d. data binding and marketing structure 数据绑定与市场结构
8. Database ________ are primarily used to enter new records and to make changes to existing records.
数据库表单主要用于输入新的记录和对已存在的记录进行修改。(B) a. table 表 b. forms 表单 c. queries 查询 d. reports 报表
9. A file that includes predefined settings that can be used to create many common types of presentations is called a
事先定义好的设置，用于创建多个相同类型的演示文稿的文件叫做(C) a. pattern 模式 b. model 模型 c. template 模板 d. blueprint 蓝图
10. A(n)____ is a single program that provides the functionality of a word processor, spreadsheet, database manager, and more.
__(D)__是单个程序，能提供文字处理、电子表格、数据库等等功能。 a. software suite 软件套装
b. integrated package 集成软件包
c. specialized application 专用应用程序 d. basic application 基本应用程序
二．Match each numbered item with the the most closely related lettered item . Write your answers in the spaces provided .
1. Area that contains a document, program, or message.____ 包含文档、程序和消息的区域。J:window 窗口
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a.
2. Type of graph or chart._____
图形或表格的类型。A:analytical 分析图表
3. Includes the functionality of a word processor, spreadsheet, database manager, and more._____
具有文字处理、电子表格、数据库等功能。C:integrated package 集成软件包
4. Identifies incorrectly spelled words and suggests alternatives.______ 识别不正确拼写单词和给出建议修改。H:spelling checker 拼写检查
5. The intersection of a row and column in a spreadsheet._______ 电子表格的行列交叉点是 B:cell 单元格
6. A collection of two or more cells in a spreadsheet.______
电子表格中两个或多个单元格的集合。D:range 区域（范围）
7. Spreadsheet feature in which changing one or more numbers results in the automatic recalculation of all related fields._____
电子表格的特征中，改变一个或多个数值结果则相关所有字段会自动重新计算。I:what-if analysis 推测分析
8. Database structure that organizes data into related tables._______
数据库结构即组织数据进入相关的表中。E:relational database 关系型数据库
9. Arranging objects numerically or alphabetically._______ 使对象按数字顺序或字母表顺序排列。G:sort 排序
10. Individual applications that are sold as a group._______
把多个单个的应用程序组合到一起成组售卖。F:software suite 软件套装
A:analytical 分析图表 B:cell 单元格
C:integrated package 集成软件包 D:range 区域（范围）
E:relational database 关系型数据库 F:software suite 软件套装 G:sort 排序
H:spelling checker 拼写检查 I:what-if analysis 推测分析 J:window 窗口
第四单元
一．Circle the letter or fill in the correct answer.
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1. Graphic programs widely used in the graphic arts profession include____. 图形程序广泛用于图形艺术职业领域，包括：(A)_
a. desktop publishing programs, image editors, and illustration programs 桌面排版程序，图片编辑器和绘图程序
b. artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and illustration programs 人工智能，虚拟现实和绘图程序
c. megamedia programs, image editors, and desktop publishing programs 巨媒体程序，图片编辑器和桌面排版程序
d. virtual reality, desktop publishing programs, and illustration programs 虚拟现实，桌面排版程序和绘图程序
2. Image editors are used for creating and editing____. 图片编辑器用于创建和编辑：(A) a. bitmap images 位图图片 b. vector images 向量图片 c. text 文本
d. HTML codes HTML代码
3. Programs used to create or modify vector images are called_____. 用于创建和修改向量图片的程序叫做：(A) a. illustration programs 绘图程序 b. image editors 图片编辑器
c. graphical modifiers 图形编辑器
d. bit publishing packages 位出版软件包
4. Pages in a multimedia presentation typically provide_____or connections to related information.
网页中的多媒体演示文稿通常提供__(B)___或连接到相关信息。 a. blogs 博客 b. links 链接 c. logs 记录
d. maps 镜像（地图）
5. When determining the overall objective of a multimedia project, the resources required, and the people who will work on the project, you are in the _____ step.
当确定多媒体项目的整体目标，所需资源，以及项目组成员，你处于第__(A)___步。
a. planning 计划阶段 b. designing 设计阶段 c. creating 创建阶段 d. supporting 支持阶段
6. Many individuals create their own personal sites called Web logs, or 许多个人创建他们自己的个人网站叫网络博客或是：(B) a. flobs 英语语料库 b. blogs 博客 c. buds 蓓蕾 d. fellows 伙伴
7. A special effect in which one image seems to melt into another is referred to as
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一种特殊效果，在这个效果中一个图片好像融入到另外一个图片中之的是：(C) a. drifting 漂移 b. flashing 闪烁 c. morphing 渐变 d. polling 轮询
8. Users can interact in a fully immersed 3-D environment using ____. 用户能够在完全沉浸在三维环境中交互是使用：(B) a. unstructured problems 非结构化问题 b. virtual reality 虚拟现实 c. VRML 虚拟现实建模语言 d. robotics 机器人技术 9. Fuzzy logic is 模糊逻辑是：(A)
a. used to respond to questions in a humanlike way 用于像人类一样响应问题
b. a new programming language used to program animation 一个新的编程语言用于程序动画 c. the result of fuzzy thinking 模糊思维的结果
d. a term that indicates logical values greater than one 一个术语是表明逻辑值大于一。
10. Robots used in automobile plants would be classified as 汽车工厂机器人被分类为：(B)
a. perception system robots 感知系统机器人 b. industrial robots 工业机器人 c. mobile robots 移动机器人 d. knowledge robots 知识机器人
二．Match each numbered item with the the most closely related lettered item. Write your answers in the spaces provided .
1. Integrates all sorts of media into one presentation.___________ 集成各种媒体到一个展示当中。I.multimedia 多媒体
2. Graphics program for creating and editing bitmap images._______ 用于创建和编辑位图图片的程序。g.image editor 图片编辑器
3. Programs used to create multimedia presentations._________ 用于创建多媒体展示的程序。d.fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑
4.Allows users to respond to question in a very humanlike way. 允许用户像人类一样应答问题。
4. Diagram of a Web site's overall design._______
网站整体设计的图表。e.graphical map 网页设计结构图
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5. Program that allows you to mix text and graphics to create publications of professional quality._______
允许图文混排创建具有专业质量的出版物的程序：c.desktop publishing 桌面排版
6. Group of graphics programs offered at lower cost than if purchased separately.__________
成组的图形程序提供低廉的价格要是比单独买的话。f.graphics suite图形套装软件
7. Special effect in which one image seems to melt into another._______
特殊效果，在这个效果中一个图片好像融入到另外一个图片中。h.morphing 渐变
8. Graphics file made up of thousands of pixels.________ 由成千上万的像素组成的图形。b.Bitmap 位图
9. Graphic file made up of a collection of objects, such as rectangles, lines, and ovals._______
有多个物体组成的图形，如矩形，线和椭圆。j.vector image 向量图片
10. Attempts to develop computer systems that mimic or simulate human thought processes and actions.________
尝试着研发计算机系统用来模仿和仿真人类思维过程和行为。h.morphing 渐变 a.AI 人工智能 b.Bitmap 位图
c.desktop publishing 桌面排版 d.fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑
e.graphical map 网页设计结构图 f.graphics suite图形套装软件 g.image editor 图片编辑器 h.morphing 渐变 i.multimedia 多媒体 j.vector image 向量图片
第五单元
一．Circle the letter or fill in the correct answer.
1. Software that allows your computer to interact with the user, applications, and hardware is called
使你的计算机和用户、应用程序和硬件间进行交互的软件是：(C) a. application software 应用软件 b. word processor 文字处理软件 c. system software 系统软件 d. database software 数据库软件
2. In order for a computer to understand a program, it must be converted into machine language by a(n)
为了让计算机能够理解程序，必须将程序转换成机器语言，是通过：(D) a. operating system 操作系统 b. utility 工具
c. device driver 设备驱动程序
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d. language translator 语言翻译器 3. \ GUI表示：(C)
a. gnutella universal interface 网络通用接口 b. graphic uninstall/install 图形卸载/安装 c. graphical user interface 图形用户界面 d. general utility interface 通用工具接口
4. To connect several computers together, one generally need to be running a (n)_____operating system.
多个计算机连接在一起，一个需要运行_(A)___操作系统。 a. network 网络 b. Internet 互联网 c. stand-alone 单机 d. embedded 嵌入式
5. ______ is the most widely used operating system. ___(A)___是最广泛使用的操作系统。 a. Windows b. Mac OS c. UNIX d. Linux
6. This operating system is most popular with graphic designers and those who work in multimedia.
对于工作在多媒体领域的图形设计者最受欢迎的操作系统是：(C) a. Windows XP b. Linux c. Mac OS d. UNIX
7. This operating system was originally designed to run on minicomputers used in a network environment.
在网络环境中最开始设计运行在小型机上操作系统是：(B) a. Linux b. UNIX c. Windows d. Mac OS
8. These programs guard your computer against malicious programs that may invade your computer system.
监控你的计算机防止恶意程序侵犯你的计算机系统的软件是(B) a. file compression program 文件压缩程序 b. antivirus program 反病毒软件 c. backup program 备份程序
d. troubleshooting program 诊断程序
9. A concentric ring on a hard disk is referred to as a 硬盘上的同心环指的是：(A) a. track 磁道
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b. sector 扇区 c. table 表 d. segment 段
10. Every time the computer system is stared, the operating system loads these into memory.
每次计算机系统启动，操作系统装载___(C)__到计算机内存。 a. driver updates 驱动程序升级 b. device managers 设备管理器 c. device drivers 设备驱动程序 d. Windows updates Windows升级
二． Match each numbered item with the the most closely related lettered item. Write your answers in the spaces provided . 1. Concentric ring on a disk._______ 磁盘上的同心环。j. track 磁道 2. A version of Mac Os X.______
Mac Os X的一个版本。d. Leopard 美洲豹版操作系统
3. A computer's ability to run more than one application at a time.______ 同时运行多个应用程序的能力。f. multitasking 多任务 4. Operating system completely stored within ROM._______
完整存储在ROM中的操作系统。b. embedded OS 嵌入式操作系统
5. Operating system used to control and coordinate computers that are linked together. 用于控制和协调连接在一起的计算机的操作系统。g. NOS 网络操作系统 6. Another name for software environment._________ 软件环境的另一个名字。h. platform 平台
7. An operating system located on a single stand-alone hard disk.______ 安装在个人计算机上使用的操作系统。a. desktop OS 桌面操作系统 8. One popular, and free, version of the UNIX operating system._______ 一个受欢迎和免费的UNIX一个版本的操作系统。e. Linux 9. Collection of programs that handle technical details.________ 处理技术细节的程序的集合。i. system software 系统软件
10. Program that reduces the size of files for efficient storage._______
通过减小文件的大小以便于够高效存储的程序。c. file compression program 文件压缩程序
a. desktop OS 桌面操作系统
b. embedded OS 嵌入式操作系统
c. file compression program 文件压缩程序 d. Leopard 美洲豹版操作系统 e. Linux
f. multitasking 多任务 g. NOS 网络操作系统 h. platform 平台
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i. system software 系统软件 j. track 磁道
第六单元
一．Circle the letter or fill in the correct answer.
1. The container that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system is known as the
一个容器，它可以容纳大部分组成计算机系统的电子部件，这个容器叫做 (D) a. arithmetic-logic unit逻辑运算单元 b. central processing unit中央处理单元 c. primary storage unit主存单元 d. system unit系统单元
2. The smallest unit in a digital system is a 在数字化系统中最小的单元是 (B) 。 a. byte字节 b. bit位 c. word文字 d. character字符
3. The communications medium for the entire computer system is the 整个计算机系统的通信媒介是 (C) a. arithmetic-logic unit逻辑运算单元 b. semiconductor半导体 c. motherboard主板 d. coprocessor协处理器
4. These provide expansion capability for a computer system. 给计算机系统提供扩展能力的部件是 (B) 。 a. sockets插口 b. slots扩展槽 c. port 端口
d. bays框架结构
5. The ______ tells the rest if the computer how to carry out a program's instructions. (B) 指示计算机的其余部件怎样执行程序指令。 a . ALU算术逻辑单元 b. control unit控制单元 c. system unit系统单元 d. motherboard主板
6. A 32-bit word computer can access_____bytes at a time. 一个32位字的计算机，可以一次读写 (A) 字节。 a. 4 b. 8 c. 16 d. 32
7. These chips are specifically designed to handle the processing requirements related to displaying and manipulating 3-D images.
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(A) 芯片是专门设计用于处理显示和操作3-D影像的处理要求。 a. graphics coprocessors图形协处理器
b. arithmetic-logic unit processors逻辑运算数据单元处理器 c. control unit processors控制单元处理器 d. CISC chips复杂指令计算机芯片
8. This type of memory improves processing by acting as a temporary high-speed holding area between the memory and the CPU.
(C) 这类内存作为内存与CPU之间的临时高速缓存区域，提高了数据处理过程。
a. RAM随机存储器（内存） b. ROM只读存储器
c. cache memory高速缓冲存储 d. flash memory闪存
9. _____ is a set of hardware and software standards. (B) 是一组硬件和软件的标准。 a. CPU中央处理器
b. Plug and Play即插即用式外围设备 c. cache高速缓冲存储器 d. ALU算术逻辑单元
10. _____ ports connect special types of music instruments to and cards. (C) 端口连接特殊的音乐设备与声卡。 a. BUS总线
b. CPU中央处理器 c. USB通用串行总线
d. MIDI电子乐器数字接口
二．Match each numbered item with the the most closely related lettered item . Write your answers in the spaces provided .
1. Houses most of the electronic components in a computer system._______ 在计算机系统中容纳大部分的电子部件 j. system unit 系统单元 2. The number of bits that can travel down a bus at the same time._______ 同一时间通过总线传导的位的数量 a. bus width总线宽度
3. Tells the computer system how to carry out a program's instructions.____________ 指示计算机系统如何去执行程序指令 c. control unit 控制单元
4. A credit card-sized piece of plastic with an embedded chip._________ 信用卡大小的塑料片，内嵌一个芯片 h. smart card 智能卡
5. Volatile storage that holds the program and data the CPU is currently processing._________
随机存储，保留CPU当前正在处理的程序和数据 g. RAM
6. Produces precisely timed electrical beats as a timing mechanism._______ 产生精确的电子节拍时钟，作为一个定时装置 i. system clock系统时钟
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7. Plugs into slots on the system board._________
插入主板上的扩展槽 d. expansion card 扩展卡
8. Credit card-sized expansion boards used by portable computers._______ 由便携式计算机使用的信用卡大小的扩展板 e. PC card pc卡
9. Connecting socket on the outside of the system unit.______ 连接系统单元外部的插槽 f. port 端口
10. Connects input and output devices to the system unit via the ports.______
通过端口连接输入输出设备（I|O）设备到系统单元 b. cables 电缆 a. bus width总线宽度 b. cables 电缆
c. control unit 控制单元 d. expansion card 扩展卡 e. PC card pc卡 f. port 端口 g. RAM
h. smart card 智能卡 i. system clock系统时钟 j. system unit 系统单元
第七单元
一．Circle the letter or fill in the correct answer.
1. Hardware used to translate words, sounds, images, and actions that people understand into a form that the system unit can process is known as
把人能理解的文字、声音、图像、动画，转化为系统单元可以处理的形式的硬件是 (A)
a. input devices 输入设备 b. output devices 输出设备 c. device readers 读取设备 d. device drivers 设备驱动
2. This type of keyboard provides the greatest amount of flexibility and convenience by eliminating cables connected to the system unit.
(B) 种类型的键盘通过无线连接系统单元，来提供最大限度的便携和方便。
a. ergonomic keyboard 人体仿生学保健键盘 b. wireless keyboard 无线键盘 c. traditional keyboard 传统键盘 d. flexible keyboard 便携式键盘
3. This mouse ______ usually appears in the shape of an arrow. 鼠标 (A) 通常以箭头这种图形显示。 a. pointer 指针 b. marker标记 c. indicator 指示
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d. meter 计量仪表
4. This type of pointing device is located in the middle of the keyboard. (B) 类型的点击设备位于键盘的中央。 a. joystick游戏杆
b. pointing stick 操纵杆 c. wireless 无线设备 d. light pen光笔
5. This type of pointing device has crisscrossed invisible beams of infrared light that are protected with a clear plastic outer layer.
(D) 类型的点击设备有隐形的红外线十字光标图案，清晰的塑料外壳起到保护作用。
a. optical mouse光学鼠标 b. light pen光笔
c. pointing stick操纵杆 d. touch screen触屏
6. A Universal Product Code is read by what type of scanner? (A) a. bar code 条形码 b. flatbed平板扫描仪 c. OCR光学符号识别 d. MICR磁墨符号识别
7. _______ input devices convert sounds into a form that can be processed by the system unit.
(D) 输入设备可以将声音转化为系统单元能识别的数据。 a. Electrolyzing电解 b. Plotting绘图仪
c. WebCam网络摄像仪 d. Audio音频设备
8. The most important characteristic of a monitor is its 显示器最主要的特征是它的 (C) a. dot pitch 点距 b. resolution分辨率 c. clarity清晰度
d. viewable size视图大小
9. Which of the following printer types requires special paper? (D) 类型打印机需要特殊的纸张。 a. chain链式打印机 b. laser激光打印机 c. ink-jet喷墨式打印机 d. thermal热敏打印机
10. _______ is a specialized input and output device for receiving and sending voice communication.
(B) 是专业的输入输出设备用于接收和发送声音通信。 a. Fax machine传真机
b. Internet telephone 网络电话
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c. Network terminal 网络终端 d. PDA掌上电脑
二．Match each numbered item with the the most closely related lettered item . Write your answers in the spaces provided .
1. These keys turn a feature on or off._____
这些键能开启或关闭功能。 i. toggle触发键
2. A pointing device widely used for computer games._______
操纵杆设备广泛的应用于计算机游戏里。 e. joystick游戏杆
3. Penlike device commonly used with tablet PCs and PDAs._______ 笔式设备通常广泛应用于平板电脑和掌上电脑 f. stylus 尖笔 4. Type of bar code used in supermarkets._____ 条形码用在超市中 j. UPC
5. Refers to quality and sharpness of displayed images.______
可以推测出影像的质量和清晰度 a. clarity 清晰度
6. Type of monitor similar to a traditional television set.______ 监视器类型与传统电视机设备相似 b. CRT阴极射线管 7. Monitors that have independently activated pixels._______ 可以独立激活像素的监视器g. TFT主动矩阵显示器
8. Delivers a much clearer wide-screen picture than regular television.________ 比普通电视机传输更清晰的宽屏图片 d. HDTV高清电视
9. Measurement used to determine a printer's resolution._______ 评定打印机分辨率的方法 c. dpi点距
10. Printer that uses heat to produce images on heat-sensitive paper._______ h. thermal热敏 类型打印机在热敏纸上用热量产生图片 a. clarity 清晰度 b. CRT阴极射线管 c. dpi点距
d. HDTV高清电视 e. joystick游戏杆 f. stylus 尖笔
g. TFT主动矩阵显示器 h. thermal热敏 i. toggle触发键 j. UPC
第八单元
一． Circle the letter or fill in the corect answers. 1.Primary storage is referred to as storage. 主存又被叫做 (A) 存储。
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a.volatile 随机 b.sequential序列 c.direct直接
d.nonvolatile固态
2.The amount of time required by a storage device to retrieve data and programs is its.
检索数据和程序需要的时间是由它的 决定的。(A) a. access speed读取速度 b. capacity容量 c. memory内存 d. storage存储
3.How tightly the bits can be packed next to one another on a disk is referred to as 在磁盘上一个位与另一个位之间的密集程度,叫做 (C) a.tracks.磁道 b.sectors.扇区 c.density.密度
d.configuration配置.
4.Thick,rigid metal platters that are capable of storing and retrieving information at a high rate of speed are known as
(A) 是坚硬的厚金属盘，有能力在高频速率下存储和检索信息。 a.hard disks.硬盘 b.soft disks.软盘 c.cartridges.墨盒 d.packs.包
5. 5.The data on an optical disks is represented by flat areas called on the disc surface. 在光磁盘表面上，光盘上的数据由平面区域描述的叫做 (C) 。 a.surfaces.表面 b.flats.平坦 c.lands.地带 d.pits.凹处
6.A CD-ROM disc只读型CD光盘 (A) a.cannot be erased and rewritten. 不能擦不能重写
b.has more storage capacity than a CD-R比较可写式CD有更多的存储能力 c.holds less data than a floppy disk. 比软盘装的数据少 d.can be written to only once. 只能写一遍 7.DVD stands for (C) 代表DVD a.digital video data.数字化的音频数据 b.direct video disc.直接音频磁盘
c.digital versatile disc.数字化的通用磁盘 d.direct versatile disc.直接通用磁盘
8.This type of storage device has no moving parts. (D) 类型的存储设备没有移动部分。
a.hard disks.硬盘 b.floppy disks.软盘
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c.optical discs.光盘 d.soild state.固态硬盘
9. 9.Tape is described as using this type of access. 可以描述磁带是 (D) 方式读取。
a.magneto-optical. 磁光
b.DVD. 数字式通用盘 c.direct.直接 d.sequential.序列
10.Spcialized high-capacity secondary storage device designed to meet organizational demands for data.
(C) 专业化的高效辅存设备是为了满足数据组织化的要求。 a.Blue-Ray.蓝光 b.hi def高清
c.mass storage海量存储 d.Zip disk压缩盘
一． Match each numbered item with the most closely related lettered item.Write
your answers in the spaces provided. 1.A type of storage that is volatile.
一种不稳定的存储类型 g.RAM内存
2.Time required to retrieve data and programs. 检索数据和程序的时间要求 a.access speed读写速度
3.A high-capacity floppy disk. 一种高容量的软盘 j.Zip disk压缩盘 4.Closed concentric ring on a disk on which data is recorded. 磁盘上的紧密同心圆，数据被记录在磁盘上 i.Track磁道
5.Several platters aligned one above the other,allowing greater storage capacity. 几个盘片对准，一个在另一个上方，允许更大的存储容量 d.hard-disk pack硬盘盘组
6.Increases storage capacity by reducing the amount of space required to store data and programs. 通过减少空间，增加存储能力来存储数据和程序 b.file compression文件压缩
7.Stores data electronically and has no moving parts. 电子化的存储数据，没有移动的部件 h.Solid-state storage固态硬盘
8.Solid-state storage device used in portable computers. 固态存储器设备用在便携式电脑上 c.flash memory card闪存卡
9.Free or low-cost storage available at special service Web sites. 免费或者低成本的存储器可以在专业服务网站上获得 f.Internet hard drive网络硬件设备 10.The next generation of optical discs. 下一代光盘 e.hi def高清
a.access speed读写速度
b.file compression文件压缩
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c.flash memory card闪存卡 d.hard-disk pack硬盘盘组 e.hi def高清
f.Internet hard drive网络硬件设备 g.RAM内存
h.Solid-state storage固态硬盘 i.Track磁道
j.Zip disk压缩盘
第十四单元
一． Circle the letter or fill in the correct answer.
1.A(n) is a list of instructions detailing the steps needed to perform a task. (A) 是一个指令串，这个指令串精确到每一步都要完成一项任务。 a. program程序
b. punch card穿孔卡
c. agenda议程表（用以描述解题途径或运行过程的一组控制语言的语句;）
d. plan计划
2.In the course of creating program specifications,the end user should sketch out the desired在创建程序规范化的过程中，终端用户应该简述出输出需求。(B)
a. input输入 b. output输出
c. splash logo光标图案 d. icon图标
3.In a structure,one statement follows the other with no conditions having to be met. 在 结构中，一个语句会无条件的满足其他语句，并跟随其后。(C)
a. selection选择 b.loop循环 c.sequence顺序 d.conditional条件
4.When a program repeats a portion of software code as long as a certain condition doesn’t exist,it’s using a(n) structure. 只要某一条件不成立，程序就会重复一部分软件代码，它使用了 (B) 结构。
a.IF-THEN-ELSE b.DO UNTIL c.DO WHILE d.WHAT-IF
5.A program error that violates the grammar rules of the programming language is a error. 一种程序错误，违反了编程语言的语法规则，是犯了 (C) 错误。
a.modular 组合 b.logic 罗技 c.syntax 语法 d.language语言
6.Software that helps programmers prepare reports, draw flowcharts, and generate software code for prototypes is a
一种软件，可以帮助程序员准备报告、绘制流程图和生成原型模型的软件代码，
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这种软件的名称是 (B)
a. CAUSE(computer-assisted Unix software environment)tool b.CASE(computer-aided software engineering)tool c.CLOC(computer-licensed operations code)tool d.CULP(combined-users licensed protocols)tool
7.Which of the following lines of code comes from a first-generation computer language? 哪条代码来自第一代计算机语言。 (B)
a.ADD255(3,10),02B(4,5) b.00010 1010 1101 0001 1010 c.this Total=TotalA+TotalC d.set total to sum of totals 8.C++ is considered a(n) c++被当做是一种 (C)
a.machine language机器学习 b.assembly language汇编语言 c.procedural language过程语言 d.natural language自然语言
9.Problem-oriented languages are which generation of language? 面向问题的语言是第 代语言。(D)
a.first b.second c.third d.fourth
10.Fourth-generation language use 第四代语言用 (B)
a.procedural statements过程语言
b.nonprocedural statements非过程语言 c.assemblers汇编 d.symbols符号 二．Match each numbered item with the most closely relasted lettered item.Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1.A list of instructions for the computer to follow to process data. 计算机根据一串指令处理数据 i. program程序
2.Computer professional who creates new software or revises existing software. 编写新的软件或检查现有软件的计算机专业人士是 h. programmer程序员
3.Programming step in which objectives, outputs,inputs,and processing requirements are determined. 确定编程步骤，目的、输入、输出、处理要求，以上是编程步骤中的 环节 g. program specification程序规范
4.An outline of the logic of the program to be written. 22
程序逻辑上的要点要被写出来 j. pseudocode伪代码
5.Logic structure in which a process may be repeated as long as a certain condition remains true.
只要某一条件为真，该逻辑结构里的内容就会被重复 d. loop structure循环结果
6.Actual writing of a program. 真正编写一个程序 b. coding编码
7.Error that occurs when an incorrect calculation or incorrect procedure is used in a program 当不正确的计算或不正确的过程被用在程序中，错误就出现了。c. logic error逻辑错误
8.Computer specialist whose job is to ensure current programs run error free, efficiently,and effectively. 计算机专家，他们的工作是确保当前的程序运行无差错、高效、 有效果。 e. maintenance programmer维护程序员
9.Process by which a program is organized into objets.
将一个程序划分成对象的过程 f. OOP面向对象程序设计
10.Languages that use abbreviations or mnemonics. 使用缩写词或助记符的语言 a. assembly汇编
a. assembly汇编 b. coding编码
c. logic error逻辑错误 d. loop structure循环结果
e. maintenance programmer维护程序员 f. OOP面向对象程序设计
g. program specification程序规范 h. programmer程序员 i. program程序
j. pseudocode伪代码
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