第一讲&第二讲：
Carry v.有
Suspend v.停止
Suspend logic thinking 停止逻辑思维(05.03) Suspend oil imports 停止石油进口(01.05)
Shame n.令人惋惜的事(可耻的事<考研一般不考>)
It would be a shame to do sth. ……将会是一件令人惋惜的事 Eg：1)this is a shame. 这是一件令人惋惜的事(15新42)
2)It would be a shame to spoil our child since they would fail to cope with stresses,setbacks or frustrations. 溺爱孩子将会是件令人惋惜的事，因为我们的孩子会不能应对压力或者挫折
Because = as = for = since = 因为
Handle = cope with = deal with = 应对
Frustration n.挫折( = setback)
Eg：cope with the frustrations in school and in life. 应对学业和人生中的挫折
Spoil the child 溺爱孩子
Operation n.手术;操作(operate v.操作<不考>) Bypass operation 心脏搭桥手术(0302para3s2)
Enlarge operations to meet customer’s demands 扩大经营来满足消费者的需求(0104para3s1) ---->
Operational adj.操作的 Eg: 1)lower the operational costs 降低运营支出
2)operatioal research experts and economists 运筹学研究专家和经济学家
Huge 巨大的
Extremely huge 极其的巨大 Extremely important 极其的重要
Global challenges 全球性问题
Global warming /climate changes 全球变暖/气候变化(climate n.气候) Eg：1)We are now faced with global challenges such as cliamate changes,security and bird fly. 现在我们面对全球难以解决的问题，就像气候变化、安全和禽流感一样 2)This is really a challenge for me. 这对我来说真是一个挑战
(注：it 做形式主语，先翻译真正主语，后翻译it后面的形式主语)
第三讲&第四讲
Substance n.物质
Substance abuse 物质滥用 Most substance 大多数物质
Substance dependence 物质依赖
Eg：familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco. 像烟和酒这样的物质 Alcohol n.乙醇，酒精 Tobacco n.烟草，香烟
Substantial adj.(数量上、幅度上)巨大的
Eg：1)substantial cost reduction 大幅降低支出(0303para2s1) (reduce v.缩小，减少)
2)The recommendations of public figures carry substantial weight. 公众人物的建议有很大的份量(9901para-1s-3)
Recommendation n.建议(recommend v.建议，推荐 -> ~ a book to sb.)
Illusion n.幻觉
Addict v.沉迷
Be addicted to smart phones 沉迷于智能手机 smart phone 智能手机
Be addicted to A and B 沉迷于A和B Smart a.聪明的<--->Stupid adj.愚蠢的
Figure n.人物，数字
Figures = data = statistics n.数据，数字 Public figures 公众人物
Senior figures 高管，有影响力的人物
Influential n.有影响力的人 adj.有影响力的(influence n./v.影响) Influential media/company 有影响力的媒体/公司
Advantage n.优点，长处，好处，优势
Eg：1)Generally speaking，there are advantages to avoid substantial height. 总的来说，避免太高是有好处的(0803para4s1)
substantial height/substantial weight 相当高/重
2)There are advantages to …… ……是有很多好处的
Substantially improve productivity 大幅提高生产力 Substantially improve performance 大幅提高成绩 Poor/excellent performance 拙劣/卓越的成绩
Considerable (数量上)巨大的(=substantial)
Considerable loss/profit 巨额损失/利润 Considerably below…… 远低于……
A considerable number of …… 大量的……
A considerable number of youngsters/people/country…… 大量的年轻人/人/国家
Eg：A considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism. 大量的最重要的文艺评论集
The most significant events in history 历史最重要的事件 Consider v.考虑，思考 Collections n.收集，集合
Criticism n.评论，批评 -->criticize v.批评 Art criticism 文艺评论 Collections of poems 诗集
Consist in… 由…构成(=be made up of)
The Chinese people consist in 56 ethnic groups 中华名族是由56个名族组成的 Ethnic adj.名族的
*Take a longer view, there’s a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance 从长远来看，有相当大量的事情我们能够非常有把握地说出来(1303para-2s1)
We can say with considerable assurance that…… 我们可以相当有把握地说出……
Assure v.向某人保证，向…确保 Assure sb. that/of……
Experience v.经历 n.经验
Expert n.专家 adj.卓越的(=outstanding=excellent)
Expert /outstanding/excellent performance 卓越的成绩，优异的成绩(0101后21)
*Take a longer view, we can say (with…)that mobile phone will be a tool rather than host of everyone around us.
Fat adj.(数额上)巨大的,胖的(06完型para03/15完型para03s1) n.脂肪 Eg：1)Everybody loves a fat pay rise 人人都喜欢大幅加薪(0501s1)
2)Banker’s fat pay packets have attracted much criticism 银行家们丰厚的薪酬已经招致了大量的批评(1204s-1)
Pay n.薪水 -->Equal work，equal pay Urge n/.v.强烈愿望，诉求
Packet n.套餐 -->pay packet 薪酬
第五讲
Total amount 总的数量
A surprising amount 大量的令人吃惊的数量
The supreme court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implication(0204s1)最高法院关于安乐死的判决有重要的含义
Court n.法院，法庭
Top patent court 最高专利权法院 (patent n.专利<权>) Supreme court 最高法院(考过9次)
Supreme a.至高无上的，最高的 Superior a.优越的，高级的，好的
Eg：socialism is superior to capitalism 社会主义比资本主义优越 A be superior to B A比B优越 Superiority n.优越性
Federal adj.联邦<制>的 Federal court 联邦法院
FBI (Federal Bureau of investigation) 联邦调查局 Federal government 联邦政府
Eg：the US court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 美国联邦巡回上诉法庭 Centralized control 集中控制
Appeal n./v. 呼吁;上访,上诉
Appeal to a higher court 向更高法院上诉
Decision n.决定(v.decide);裁决,判决(=rule)
(注:当出现judge
The court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide(0204para7s1) 法院对安乐死的判决 Rule v.判决、裁决
Eg：The court rules that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed 法院判决可以开高剂量的止疼药
Prescribe v.开处方、开药方
Prescription n.药方 ~ drugs 处方药(05新) Dose = dosage n.剂量 High-dosage 高剂量
Effect n.作用，效果
Side-effect 副作用=(negative effect)
Relieve v.使…摆脱;减轻,缓解
Relieve one’s pain 减轻某人的疼痛
Pain-relieving medication 止疼药 Medication = medicine = drug 药 Drug store 药店
Physician-assisted suicide 安乐死 Physical adj.身体的,肉体的
Physical enjoyment 身体上的快乐 Physician n.医生 Assist v.帮助
Suicide n.自杀 = commit suicide
Eg：He commit suicide last December 他去年十二月自杀了
Imply v.暗含
Implication n.含义
Carry important implication 有重要含义 Try v.尝试--> trial n.审判
The trial of… 对…的审判(01完型s1)
第六讲
The constitution 宪法
The constitutional right to sth 宪法赋予…的权利 Take sb. to court (9901para3s-1) 把…告上法庭 Defendant n.被告
Defend v.保卫,保护;为…辩护,证明…合情/合理/合法(justify) Case n.案子,案件
The courts tend to side with defendants in personal injury claims/cases (9901para4s1) 法院往往在个人伤害案的诉讼中支持被告 Claim =case n.案子
Side with… 支持，站在…一边 Injury n.伤害
Claim n./v. 索取,索赔;主张
Personal injury claim/cases 个人伤害案
The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee with a warrant (2015 text2) 法院裁决到警方不违反第四修正案,当他们有一个搜查证搜查被捕者的钱包的时候
Trial n.审判 the trial of … 对…的审判 Violate v.违反，违背 Violate the law 违法
Violate the rules and regulations 违反规章制度 Violate the traffic rule 违反交通规则
Amend v.(对合同/法律文书…)修正,改进 The Fourth Amendment 第四修正案 Amend the contract 修改合同 Amend the bill 修改法案
Purse/wallet/pocketbook 钱包,皮夹子 Go through 经历,搜查
Arrest n./v. 逮捕
During a arrest 在抓捕期间
Arrestee n.被捕者，嫌疑人(=suspect)
Warrant n.搜查证,保证,搜查令,委任状,凭证,根据 Guarantee v.保证,确保;保证(书),担保(人)
Search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant 没有搜查令搜查一个人的收集目录 Search = go through 搜查
Go through a wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee 搜查一个被捕者的钱包
No one can guarantee the truthfulness of the information (030144[B]) 没有人可以保证信息的真实性
Guaranteed future/payment 有保障的未来/收入
George Osborne’s scheme was intended to guarantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefits(2014text1:21[D]) 乔治·奥斯本的项目旨在保障求职者获得福利的合法权利 Scheme n.方案,计划;阴谋 Be intended to旨在;目的是
Jobseeker 求职者 the unemployed 失业的人 Legitimate right to sth. ……的合法权利 Benefit n.福利;好处
Scheme = project = program 项目 Project Hope 希望工程
第七讲&第八讲
Obtain a warrant to search through phone contents of a suspect 获得一个收查证去搜查一个嫌疑犯的收集目录 Obtain v.获得
Search = go through = search through 搜查
Jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefit is far from guaranteed 求职者的领取福利的合法权利远没有得到保障
The legitimate right to sth. 做某事的合法权利 Seek v.寻找
Jobseeker =jobhunter n.求职者
Benefit n.利益，好处；补贴=allowance=subsidy=pension The disadvantaged 弱势群体
There is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide(0204para2)宪法没有安乐死的权利 The constitution 宪法
The Fourth Amendment 第四修正案
The legitimate/constitutional right to=the right to sth. …的权利 The right to private property 私有财产权 The right to intellectual property 知识财产权 Right and regulations权利和义务 Intellectual adj.智力的 n.知识分子
Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief 感觉自己被过高收费的客户有权向联邦政府的地面交通委员会申请降低费率 Shipper n.客户(运输企业) Shopper n.客户，顾客(商场) Board n.板，董事会，委员会
Appeal to sb. for sth. 向…呼吁/上访/恳求 Charge v.收费
Overcharge v.过高收费 Relieve v.降低；使…摆脱
Relieve one’s pain/burden 减轻某人的负担 Pain-relieving medication 止疼药
It is legitimate for physician to prescribe high-dosage pain-relieving medication 医生开高剂量的止疼药是合法的
It is legitimate for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做…是合法的
Human right 人权 Animal right 动物权
Animal right movement 动物权利运动 Animal rights advocates 动物权利倡导者 Advocate n.倡导者，鼓吹者
Rights and obligations 权利与义务
Invest more，harvest more 投资越多，收获越多 Invest v.投资
Harvest v/n.收获 Web store 网店 Drug store 药店
Appeal to 呼吁;对…有吸引力
Appeal v/n.恳求；呼吁；上诉；吸引(力)；上访；号召 Relieve v.降低，减轻，缓和
Relieve the rate 降低费率(rate relief) Huge rate increase 大幅涨价
Substantial cost reduction 大幅降低支出
Considerably improve productivity 大幅提高生产力 A significant number of 大量的…
The appeal for legislation is still going on (9904s-1) 对法律的呼吁一直在上演 Legal a.合法的，法律的 Legislate v.立法
Legislation n.议会，立法；法律 Legitimate a.合法的
The appeal for rate relief is still going on (0203后53[C]) 对降价的呼吁一直在上演 White pollution is going on 白色污染一直在上演
Environment destruction is going on 环境破坏一直在上演 Legal learning 法律知识(07翻译)
The government appeal to netizens not to spreed gossip. 政府呼吁网民不要传播谣言 Netizen n.网民 citizen n.市民 Spreed v.传播，扩散 Gossip n.谣言
Source of gossip 流言的来源
His music may not appeal to young readers today 他的音乐可能不对现在的年轻听众有吸引力 The lecture of 对…有吸引力
Learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing(1103para2s-1)学习其他公司市场营销的宝贵的信息 The appeal of sb. 某人的长处 appeal n.魅力，吸引力
As the responsible steward of the country ,we should respond positively to CPC’s appeal 作为这个国家的负责人的主人，我们应该积极响应中国共产党得到呼吁/号召 CPC ：Communist Party of China 中国共产党 Positively adv.积极的 Positive adj.积极的 Negative adj.消极的 Steward n.主人
Host n.男主人 Hostess n.女主人
第九讲
Load 载重量、负荷 Overload v.超载 Strive v.努力
Endeavor n./v.努力
With regard to 与…有关,与…相关
Guarantee the truthfulness of the information 确保信息的真实性(030144[B]) True a.真(正)的 truth n.真实，真相 False a.虚假的 falsehood n.谎言，假话 Guaranteed payments 有保障的未来 Guaranteed future 稳定的未来
Set the goal 确定目标 goal n.目标
The ward amateur carries a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and may not fully share its values 业余人士这个词有一种含义，即相关的个人没有完全融入进科学界而且可能没有完全接受价值观 The department (concerned) 相关部门；有关部门
Integrate v.整合(为一体)；融合 Integration n.整合，融合
Disintegrate v.分解，分裂；瓦解，解体
We are genetically programmed to disintegrated and perish(0304para2s1) 从遗传学的角度来看我们主动了要解体和死去 Gene n.基因，遗传因子 Genetic adj.遗传的
Genetically adv.遗传学，基因 Genetics n遗传学
Program n.工程，项目；程序 v.编程序 Community n.界，团体
Religious/academic/scientific community
Share v.分享；共有，有共同的 n.份(额);股票 Shareholder n.股东
Lawfirm share 律师事务所的股份 Firm n.公司(=company)
Physician and citizen share the same view on euthanasia 医生和市民对安乐死持有同样的观点 Netizen n.网民 Citizen n.市民
Share the same view on 对…有共同的观点
第十讲
Share n.股份，份额；v.共有，有公共的 Shareholder n.股东
Stakeholder n.利益攸关者
Lawfirm share 律师事务所的股份 The largest share 最大份额 The smallest share 最小份额 Shared efforts 共同努力 Shared beliefs 共同的信念 Believe v.相信 Belief n.信念
Shared culture/beliefs/efforts 共同的文化/信念/努力 Shared experiences and problems 共同的经历和问题
Africa and South America have been found to share certain geological features(9805后68[B]) 人们发现非洲和南美洲有某些共同的地质特征 Geology n.地质学-->geologist 地质学家 Geography 地理学-->geographer 地理学家 Feature n.特点，特征，特写
Geological feature 地质特征
Because the ultimate stakeholders are patients,the health research community should actively recruit to its cause all those who receive medical treatment 因为最终的利益攸关者是患者，因此医学研究界应该积极主动地把所有接受治疗的人吸纳到他的事业中来 Late-stage patients 晚期患者 Primary stage 初级阶段，初期 Ultimate a.最后的，最终的 Adult n.成年人
Active a.积极的，主动的，活跃的 Quiet a.安静的
Recruit v.招募，吸纳，接收 ~ freshman 吸纳新生 Cause n.事业，原因 v.导致，造成 A misguided cause 一个被误导的事业 Recruiter n.招聘者
Recruit to its cause sb.把某人招入到…
Remedy/therapy/treatment/cure n.治疗 v.治疗
All those who receive medical treatment 所有接受过治疗的人 Soldier n.士兵
Warrior n.武士，士兵 Resume n.简历(CV) Interview n.面试
Interviewee 被面试的人;被访问者
不熟悉单词：
Anthropology 人类学 Anthropologist 人类学家 Alter v.改变
Alteration n.改变 Hostage n.人质
Minister n.牧师，大臣，部长 father 神父 Gossip/Rumor n.谣言
Generate negative feelings 产生负面情绪 Cope with negative feelings 应对负面情绪
Evade v.逃避 evade the harsh reality 逃避残酷的现实 Invade 入侵，侵略
IQ is negatively correlated with leadership 智商与领导力负相关 Lead v.领导
Leadership n.领导力 Allege v.断言
Allegation n.断言，陈述，主张
Lie n.谎言 v.说谎 liar n.说谎的人 Cruelty n.残忍