北京信息科技大学

毕 业 设 计（论 文）

题 目： 远程电力抄表系统——集中器硬件设计

学 院： 仪器科学与光电工程学院

专 业： 测控技术与仪器

学生姓名： 班级/学号

指导老师/督导老师：

起止时间： 2012年2月21日 至2012年6月17日

摘要

摘 要

随着国民经济和电力事业的迅速发展，一户一表制已基本普及，企业级的电力负荷监测、控制系统已在一些地区投入使用，取得了较好的效果。但低压电力用户由于数量多，地域分布广，电力公司的抄表工作量相当大。因此采用新的技术手段，利用本地和远程自动抄表技术，完成自动抄表并达到实时监控电能表计的目的，同时减少人工上门抄表、数据输入等繁杂又容易出错的劳动，提高工作效率，真正做到用电管理自动化，远程电力抄表系统就成为电力公司解决抄表问题的一种选择。

本文旨在提供一种低成本、高可靠地实现公共事业收费自动化和小区物业管理智能化的技术应用。本文讨论了数据集中器的硬件设计，并对其各模块进行了设计与分析。详细地介绍了远程电力抄表系统——集中器硬件设计的具体实现方案。

通过查阅相关资料和近几年的研究成果，此系统基本上可以实现远程电力抄表系统对用户电能表的远程数据采集、记录和实时监测的功能。

关键词：硬件； 抄表系统； 集中器； 远程抄表；

I

Abstract

Abstract

With the rapid development of the national economy and power, a table system has basically universal, enterprise-level monitoring of the power load, the control system has been put into use in some areas, and achieved good results. Low-voltage electricity consumers due to the number, geographical distribution of a wide power company's meter reading workload is considerable. Therefore, new techniques, the use of local and remote automatic meter reading technology to complete the automatic meter reading and achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring of the electrical energy meter, meter reading, data entry, complicated and easy to go wrong labor while reducing manual door, and improve work efficiency , truly the power management automation, remote meter reading system has become an option for power companies to resolve meter reading problems.

This article aims to provide a low-cost, high reliability and public utility charges, automation and residential property management intelligent technology. This paper discusses the hardware design of the data concentrator, and each module design and analysis. Detailed description of the remote power meter reading system - focus on the hardware design solution to implement.

Access to relevant information and research for the past few years, this system can be achieved basically remote automatic meter reading system on the user remote energy meter data collection, recording and real-time monitoring capabilities.

Keywords: hardware; Collect meter reading system; Collector; Remote meter reading

II

目 录

目 录

摘 要（中文） ............................................................................................................................................ I Abstract（英文） .................................................................................................................................... II 第一章 概述 ............................................................................................................................................ 1

远程电力抄表系统的研究背景 ................................................................................................. 1 国内外远程自动抄表系统的发展及现状 ................................................................................. 1 远程电力抄表统的目的意义 ..................................................................................................... 1

第二章 系统需求分析 ......................................................................................................................... 3

2.1 远程电力抄表系统需求介绍 ..................................................................................................... 3 2.2 远程电力抄表系统的组成介绍 ................................................................................................. 3 2.3 远程电力抄表系统实现目标 ..................................................................................................... 4 2.4 系统开发环境及应用工具介绍 ................................................................................................. 4

2.4.1 系统软硬件要求 ............................................................................................................. 4 2.4.2 编译环境Keil uVision2介绍 ......................................................................................... 5 2.4.3 画图工具Ptotel 99 SE介绍 ........................................................................................... 5

第三章 集中器硬件设计芯片介绍 .................................................................................................. 6

3.1 STM32F103ZET6芯片介绍 ...................................................................................................... 6

3.1.1 管脚图及主要引脚介绍 ................................................................................................. 6 3.1.2 系统中的作用及接线 ..................................................................................................... 7 3.2 K9F2G08U0M芯片介绍 ................................................................................................................ 7

3.2.1 管脚图及主要引脚介绍 ................................................................................................. 8 3.2.2 系统中的作用及接线 ..................................................................................................... 8 3.3 TSC2200IRHB芯片介绍 .............................................................................................................. 8

3.3.1 管脚图及主要引脚介绍 ................................................................................................. 8 3.3.2 系统中的作用及接线 ..................................................................................................... 9 3.4 MAX3082芯片介绍 ...................................................................................................................... 9

3.4.1 管脚图及主要引脚介绍 ............................................................................................... 10 3.4.2 系统中的作用及接线 ................................................................................................... 10

第四章 集中器硬件电路设计 ......................................................................................................... 11

4.1 集中器整体结构设计 ............................................................................................................... 11 4.2 CPU模块电路设计 .................................................................................................................... 11

4.2.1 NAND FLASH电路原理图 ......................................................................................... 11 4.2.2 JTAG电路原理图 .......................................................................................................... 12 4.2.3 振荡电路设计 ............................................................................................................... 13 4.2.4 复位电路设计 ............................................................................................................... 13 4.3 LCD&触摸屏模块电路设计 ....................................................................................................... 13

4.3.1 触摸屏控制电路设计 ................................................................................................... 14 4.3.2 LCD液晶接口电路设计 .............................................................................................. 15 4.4 通信电路设计 ........................................................................................................................... 15

4.4.1 RS232接口与RS485接口的介绍 ................................................................................ 15 4.4.2 RS232&RS485通信电路设计 ........................................................................................ 16 4.5 电源电路设计 ........................................................................................................................... 17 4.6 PCB板设计 ................................................................................................................................ 17

4.6.1 PCB板设计步骤 ............................................................................................................ 17 4.6.2 PCB板设计图 ................................................................................................................ 18

第五章 硬件调试及分析 .................................................................................................................. 19

5.1 整板电路测试 ........................................................................................................................... 19 5.2 STM32F103ZET6芯片测试 ........................................................................................................ 19

5.2.1 复位管脚、晶振管脚、串口通信管脚测试 ............................................................... 19 5.2.2 I/O口功能测试程序设计 ............................................................................................. 19 5.3 串口电路测试 ........................................................................................................................... 20

III

1.1 1.2 1.3