八年级英语上册课文 （翻译）
Unit 1
Look it up! 查阅
这里是两篇来自百科全书的文章。
Here are two articles['ɑ?t?k(?)l]文章 from an encyclopaedia [?n,sa?kl?'pid??]百科全书. 达芬奇·莱昂纳多 Da Vinci, Leanardo
达芬奇·莱昂纳多（1452-1519）是意大利画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师和科学家。 Leanardo da Vinci (1452—1519) was an Italian painter['pe?nt?]画家, inventor[?n'vent?]发明家, musician [mju?'z??(?)n]音乐家, engineer [end??'n??] 工程师and scientist.
达芬奇出生在农村。从很小的时候，他就表现出极大的智慧和艺术能力。随着年龄的增长，他学会了做很多不同的事情。他的画是非常有名的，其中一副，《蒙娜丽莎》，也许是世界上最有名的画作。他还有许多发明。例如，他的笔记本里有一些关于飞行器的有趣的图纸。
Da Vinci was born in出生于 the countryside['k?ntr?sa?d]农村. From an early age从早期开始, he showed great intelligence[?n'tel?d?(?)ns] 智慧and artistic ability[ɑ?'t?st?k] [?'b?l?ti]艺术才能. As当；随着 he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His paintings['pe?nt??]画作 are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions[?n'ven?(?)n]发明. For example, his notebooks['n??tb?k]笔记本 include[?n'klu?d]包括 some interesting drawings['dr??(r)??]绘画 of flying machines [m?'?i?n]飞行器.
Dinosaurs['da?n?s??]恐龙
恐龙比人类早 6000万年就生活在地球上。他们遍布在地球上的每一个地方。 有些恐龙如鸡那么小，有些则有十头大象那么大，有些甚至会飞。
Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million['m?lj?n]百万 years before human beings人类. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some could even['i?v(?)n]甚至 fly.
许多恐龙是吃植物的，但有些恐龙又喜欢吃肉。恐龙在地球上的生活超过了 1.5亿年。但是，突然之间，他们灭绝了。没有人知道为什么。不过，我们可以从它们的化石去了解他们。
Many dinosaurs ate plants[plɑ?nt]植物. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
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Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all died out灭绝. Nobody knows why. However, we can learn about them from their fossils['f?s(?)l].化石
澳大利亚的大景点
Australia’s big attractions[?'tr?k?(?)n]
澳大利亚是一个很大的国家。它也有许多大景点。 Australia is a very big country. It also has many big attractions. 大香蕉 The Big Banana
大香蕉（雕塑）在科夫斯港。它是由 John Landy 于 1964 年制作的。 Landy 想要某个东西能招揽人们来到他的水果店，于是他建造了“大香蕉”。 这个好主意起到了作用，很多人来参观他的水果店，并和“大香蕉”合影留念。 不久后，全澳大利亚的人们开始热衷于做大事情。
The big banana is in Coffs Harbour['hɑ?b?]港口. It was made in 1964 by John Landy. Landy wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the Big Banana. The idea worked起作用. Many people visited his fruit shop and took pictures of拍照 the Big Banana. Soon people all over Australia 整个澳大利亚began making big things. 大梅里诺 The Big Merino
大梅里诺（雕塑）在古尔本城。梅里诺是羊一个种类。它们能在干燥的气候里生活。在澳大利亚的一些地方很干燥，所以这些羊对那里的农民很重要。大梅里诺雕塑里面，有一个关于澳大利亚羊毛史的一个小型博物馆。游客还可以爬到大梅里诺雕塑的头上，透过它的眼睛往外观望。
The Big Merino[m?'ri?n??]美利奴样 is in the city of Goulburn. Merinos are a type of 一种sheep. They can live in dry weather ['wee?]天气. Some places in Australia are very dry[dra?]干燥的, so these sheep are very important to the farmers there. Inside the Big Merino, there is a small museum [mju?'z??m] 博物馆about the history of wool[w?l] in Australia. Visitors can also
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climb up爬上去 to the Big Merino’s head and look at the view [vju?]风景 through [θru?]通过 its eyes.
《大英百科全书》 Encyclopaedia Britannica
《大英百科全书》是举世闻名的一本百科全书。它是历史最悠久的英文百科全书。第一版出版于 1768 年，从那时起，已经修订过 15 个版本。第 15 版共有 32 卷。它们共约 40 万字，包含五十万个主题。今天，《大英百科全书》有一个 DVD 版本。你也可以在网上找到它。你知道哪本中国的知名的百科全书吗？关于它你都知道些什么？
The Encyclopaedia Britannica is a world-famous encyclopaedia. It is the oldest English-language encyclopaedia. The first edition was published in 1768, and since then there have been 15 editions. The 15th edition is made up of 32 volumes.
Together they contain about 40 million words on half a million topics. Today there is a DVD edition of the Britannica. You can also find it online.
Do you know about any famous Chinese encyclopaedias? What do you know about them? Unit 2 国王和米
The king [k??] and the rice[ra?s]
很久以前，印度有一个国王。国王最喜欢的游戏是国际象棋。
A long time ago很久以前, there was有 a king in India['?nd??]印度. The king’s favourite['fev?r?t]最喜欢的 game游戏 was chess[t?es]象棋.
一天，一个聪明的老人来到王宫，国王向他挑战了一场比赛。国王向老人承诺：“如果你赢了这场比赛，你可以获得任何奖金。”
One day一天, a wise[wa?z] 聪明的old man 老人came to来到 the palace ['p?l?s]宫殿 and the king challenged['t??l?n(d)?]挑战 him to a game. The king promised['pr?m?s] 答应the old man老人, “You can have 有any任何 prize[pra?z]奖品 if 如果you win the game赢得比赛.”
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老人说：“如果我赢了这场比赛，我想要棋盘上的第一格一粒米，第二格两粒米，第三格四粒米，余下的每个格都要加倍的数量。”
The old man said说, “If I win the game, I’d like想要 one grain [gre?n] 粒of rice米 for the first 第一个square[skwe?] 方格of the chessboard ['t?esb??d]棋盘, two for the second第二个, four for the third第三个, and then double ['d?b(?)l] 翻倍the amount[?'ma?nt] 数量for each 每一个of...的 the rest of 剩下的the squares方格.”
“就这些吗？”国王问“你不喜欢金或银吗？“ “是的，只要米，”老人回答说。
“Is that all全部?” asked the king. “Wouldn’t you like gold[g??ld] 金子or或者 silver['s?lv?] 银子instead[?n'sted]相反?”
“No, just仅仅，只 rice米,” replied [ri'plaid] 回答the old man.
国王和老人用了很长的时间玩了一局。最后，老人赢了。于是国王命令他的人去取来一袋米。他在（棋盘上的）第一格放了一粒米，在第二格上放了两粒……国王很快意识到一个问题——即使动用全国所有的大米，他也无法填满（整副棋盘上）所有的方格！ The king国王 and the old man played the game for a long time很长时间. Finally['fa?n?l?]最后, the old man won[w?n]获胜. So 所以the king ordered['??d?]命令 his men to collect[k?'lekt]收集 a bag of rice一袋米. He put放 one grain[gre?n]粒 on the first square, two on the second, and so on等等. The king quickly realized['ri??la?z] 意识到the problem问题—even甚至 with 用all the rice所有的米 in the country国家, he would将 still仍然 not have 有enough足够的 rice to put 放on all the squares[skwe?]方格!
数字（发明）前的计数
Counting[ka?nt]数数 before在...之前 numbers数字
在数字发明之前，人们采用不同的方式来数东西。
Before the invention [?n'ven?(?)n]发明 of written numbers['r?tn]书写数字, people人们 used用 many 很多different 不同的ways方法 to count [ka?nt]数 things东西.
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