螺杆压缩机的设计与运动仿真
摘要
双螺杆压缩机是一种比较新颖的压缩机，因其可靠性高、操作维修方便、动力平衡性好、适应性强等优点，而广泛地应用于矿山、建筑、化工、冶金、动力、机械、制冷等工业部门。双螺杆压缩机已经超过所有工业压缩机的50 ％，其市场份额超过80 ％，今后其市场份额还将继续扩大。可见，研究双螺杆压缩机具有十分重要的意义。本课题主要是设计通用的喷油双螺杆空气压缩机，采用单边不对称摆线-销齿圆弧型型线，阴、阳转子齿数比为6：4。设计新型转子型线，目的是使接触线长度、泄漏三角形面积和封闭余隙容积3者达到最优化设计，以进一步提高双螺杆压缩机的机械性能。重点研究的是双螺杆压缩机的转子型线设计、几何特性、受力分析、热力学计算。
【关键词】双螺杆压缩机；转子型线；啮合线；齿间容积
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Abstract
[Abstract]
The twin-screw compressor is a kind of newly emerging compressor. Because of its high reliability, easy repair, good balance and good adaptability etc, and widely applied to such industrial departments as mine, chemical industry, power, metallurgy, architecture, machinery, refrigeration, etc. By designing the project, the volumetric efficiency is 70%, the compressed temperature is more 80℃。It is very important to design and research a twin-screw compressor in industrial. The project is to design a universal twin-screw air compressor, and to adopt single side asymmetric swept line unilaterally and dowel tooth circular rotor profile. There are six lobes on the female rotor and four lobes on the male rotor. The aim of designing a new rotor profile is to optimize the contact line length, blowhole area and clearance volume. That can improve the mechanical performance of a twin-screw compressor further. The project is mainly to research a twin-screw compressor rotor profile, geometry characteristic, mechanics analysis, thermodynamics calculation
[Keywords] A twin-screw compressor；rotor profile；mesh curve；tooth space volume.
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目录
目录
绪论 .............................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.螺杆压缩机简介 ...................................................................................................................... 1 2.双螺杆压缩机的特点和应用前景 ................................................................................. 2 3.国内外双螺杆压缩机的研究进展 ................................................................................. 3 4.研究双螺杆压缩机的目的和意义 ................................................................................. 4 第一章 双螺杆压缩机的基本结构和工作原理 ................................................................. 5
1.1基本结构 .................................................................................................................................. 5 1.2工作原理 .................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2.1吸气过程 ...................................................................................................................... 5 1.2.2压缩过程 ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.3排气过程 ...................................................................................................................... 6
第二章 双螺杆压缩机的转子和结构设计 ............................................................................ 8
2.1 转子型线设计原则 ............................................................................................................ 8
2.1.1转子型线及其要素 ................................................................................................. 8 2.1.2转子型线设计原则 ................................................................................................. 8 2.2 型线方程和啮合线方程 ................................................................................................. 9
2.2.1坐标系建立及坐标变换 ....................................................................................... 9 2.2.2齿曲线及其共轭曲线 .......................................................................................... 10 2.3 单边不对称摆线-销齿圆弧型线 ............................................................................. 13 2.4齿间面积和面积利用系数 ........................................................................................... 21 2.5齿间容积及其变化过程 ................................................................................................ 22
目录
2.6双螺杆压缩机的结构设计 ........................................................................................... 24 2.7双螺杆压缩机的吸、排气孔口设计 ...................................................................... 24
2.7.1 吸气孔口 ................................................................................................................... 24 2.7.2轴向吸气孔口 .......................................................................................................... 25 2.7.3轴向排气孔口 .......................................................................................................... 25 2.7.4径向排气孔口 .......................................................................................................... 26 2.8主要零部件设计和选材 ................................................................................................ 27
2.8.1机体 ............................................................................................................................... 27 2.8.2转子 ............................................................................................................................... 27 2.8.3轴承 ............................................................................................................................... 27 2.8.4轴封 ............................................................................................................................... 27
第三章 双螺杆压缩机的热力学和功率计算 ..................................................................... 28
3.1扭角系数及内压比 ........................................................................................................... 28
3.1.1扭角系数 .................................................................................................................... 28 3.1.2内压力比 .................................................................................................................... 29 3.2轴功率及绝热效率 ........................................................................................................... 29
3.2.1轴功率 .......................................................................................................................... 29 3.2.2绝热效率η
ad .............................................................................................................. 30
3.2.3绝热指示效率?i ....................................................................................................... 30 3.3电动机功率 ........................................................................................................................... 30
3.3.1传动效率 .................................................................................................................... 30 3.3.2电动机功率 ............................................................................................................... 30