(完整版)英语肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句地讲解与练习

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肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的讲解与练习

二.句子的种类

类别 肯定 陈述句 否定 用法 标点 例句 This is a bag.这是一个包。 叙述一件事情或 说明说话人的看法 . I can’t see a bag over there. I don't know.我不知道。 Are you a student?你是学生吗? 一般 用于提出问题 ? Do you like puppets? Can you speak English?你会说英语吗? What's your name?你的名字是什么? 特殊 疑问句 用于提出问题 ? Where's my bag?我的包在哪里 How many trees are there?那儿有多少树? Is your friend a boy or a girl? 选择 用于提出问题 ? 你的朋友是男孩还是女孩? It's a fine day, isn't it? 祈使句 表示命令或请求、建议 .或! Put it here!把那个放这儿。 Look at the noticeboard.看公告栏。 That's my book.那是我的书。 反意 用于提出问题 ? 感叹句 表示惊讶\\赞美\\愤怒 ! 等强烈情感 How smart!多么聪明啊! Glad to see you!见到你真是高兴! What a nice pencil case! 一、be动词:am, is, are 二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义 1.肯定句:表示肯定的意思, 即不含有否定词“不”。 比如:我是一个学生 I am a student. 他去上学 He goes to school. 2.否定句:表示否定的意思。

比如:我不是一个男孩。 I am not a boy.

他不去上学 He does not go to school.

3. 一般疑问句:回答为“是yes”或者“否no”的问句。 比如:你是一个学生吗? Are you a student? 你喜欢英语吗? Do you like English?

4. 特殊疑问句:回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的问句,根据提问内容具体回答。 比如:现在几点了? What’s the time?

哪一支笔是你的? Which is your pen?

三、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换 有am, is, are的句子, 肯定句变否定句:在am, is, are后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄。

肯定句变一般疑问句:把am, is, are提前放到句首并大写Am, Is, Are,其余照抄。 肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤 第一步:先变一般疑问句。

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分。

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第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。 注意:1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变, 为\特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句\。 如:Liming 's not here today. Who's not here today? 今天谁没来? 2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。

when 什么时间(问时间) who 谁(问人) whose 谁的 问主人 where 在哪里 问地点 which 哪一个 问选择 why 为什么 问原因 what 什么 问东西 what time 什么时间 问时间 what colour 什么颜色 问颜色 what about…怎么样 问意见 what day 星期几 问星期 what date 什么日期 问具体日期 what place什么地点问具体地址 how …怎么样 问情况 how old 多大 问年龄 how many 多少 问数量 how much 多少 问价钱 how about …怎么样 问意见 how far 多远 问路程 how long 多长 问时间 How soon 多快,多久 问时间 How often多久 问频率 例如: 1. 肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换 肯定句:This is a book. 否定句:This is not a book. 一般疑问句:Is this a book? 肯定回答:Yes, it is. 否定回答:No, it isn’t.

2. 就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句) This is a book.

第一步:变一般疑问句 Is this a book?

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ?

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。What is this? 没有am, is, are的句子, 肯定句变否定句:在主语后面加上do not或者does not,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形。 肯定句变一般疑问句:在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。注意:动词用原形。 肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤。 第一步:先变一般疑问句。

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分。

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。 注意:1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时, 语序不变,为\特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句\。 2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。 非单三时用do, 单三时用does。 非单三 肯定句:I like English. 一般疑问句:Do you like English? 否定句:I do not like English. 单三 肯定句:He likes English. 一般疑问句:Does he like English? 否定句:He does not like English. 就划线部分提问:I like English. 文案

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第一步:先变一般疑问句 Do you like English? 第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what? 第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。 What do you like?

特殊:1.some变为any。如:

There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree. 但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。如: Would you like some orange juice?

与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。 2.and变为or。如:

I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler. 3.a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如:

They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)→They don't have many friends.

There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词)→There isn't much orange in the bottle. 4.already变为yet。如:

I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.

专项——句型转换

一、含有be动词的陈述句变一般疑问句和否定句

1 The student is at school.

2 The students are at school.

3 His father is an English teacher.

4 These cats are crying.

5 He is crying under the tree.

6 His birthday is on the twentieth of November.

7 Mrs. Li and Kitty are in a big shop.

8 Everybody is in the classroom.

9 The boy under the tree is hungry.

10 Your brother’s aunt is on the chair.

11 There’s an eraser on the desk.

12 Those are your keys.

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13 John is his first name.

14 My father is fine.

15 This is a short.

16 There’re two pens in the pencil case.

17 The boys are my goog friends.

二、不含be动词(即含行为动词)的陈述句变一般疑问句和否定句 1 They can swim.

2 I like to read English.

3 I go to school on foot.

4 He likes English.

5 His father goes to work by bus

6 He goes to school every day.

7 I want to have a model car.

8 She wants a cup of coffee.

9 Mrs. Li and Kitty watch television at night.

10 I do my homework after school.

11 The boy does some housework at home.

12 The children had a good time in the park.

13 Jim has some story-books.

14 Mr. Hunt tell us something important at the meeting.

15 The old man does morning exercises every morning.

16 I must finish my homework before eight o’clock.

17 He often goes to the library on Sundays.

18 They have a class meeting every week.

19 We are going to see him tomorrow.

20 The story sounds very interesting.

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